Multiteam systems (MTSs) are comprised of two or more teams working toward shared superordinate goals but with unique subgoals. In large MTSs operating in extreme environments, coordination difficulties have repeatedly been found, which compromise response effectiveness. Research is needed that examines MTSs in situ within extreme environments to develop temporal theories of inter-team processes and understanding of how coordination may be improved within these challenging contexts. Live disaster exercises replicate the complexities of extreme environments, providing a valuable avenue for observing inter-team processes in situ. This article seeks to contribute to MTS research by highlighting (i) a mixed-method framework for collecting data during live disaster exercises that uses both inductive and deductive approaches to promote methodological and measurement fit; (ii) ways in which data can be collected and combined to meet the appropriate standards of their methodological class; and (iii) a case example of a National exercise.

多团队系统（MTS）由两个或多个团队共同努力，以实现共同的上级目标，但又具有独特的子目标。在极端环境下运行的大型MTS中，反复发现协调困难，这损害了响应效率。需要进行研究，以在极端环境中现场检查MTS，以发展团队间过程的时间理论，并了解如何在这些具有挑战性的环境中改进协调。现场灾难演习复制了极端环境的复杂性，为现场观察团队之间的过程提供了宝贵的途径。本文旨在通过突出（i）在现场灾难演习中收集数据的混合方法框架来为MTS研究做出贡献，该框架使用归纳法和演绎法来促进方法和度量的拟合；（ii）收集和合并数据的方法，以符合其方法学类别的适当标准；（iii）国家演习的案例。