The case-law on Article 18 of the European Convention on Human Rights has been evolving recently in a dramatic fashion. This evolution, which shaped a new doctrine on the misuse of power, focuses on the criminalisation of dissent within a State where undemocratic tendencies arise. The purpose of this article is to highlight these undemocratic tendencies and demonstrate that Article 18 ECHR addresses the systemic deficiencies in the balance of powers within a State. A violation of Article 18 ECHR occurs when the executive branch of government male fide tries to erode the social, political and economic contre-pouvoirs within a State and when the institutional contre-pouvoirs, namely the judicial and the legislative branch of government, fail to avert this erosion.

中文翻译：

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ECHR 第 18 条下关于滥用权力的新学说：这到底是关于国家内部的反对制度？

关于《欧洲人权公约》第 18 条的判例法最近以戏剧性的方式发展。这一演变形成了关于滥用权力的新学说，重点是在出现不民主倾向的国家内将异议定为刑事犯罪。本文的目的是强调这些不民主的趋势，并证明 ECHR 第 18 条解决了一个国家内部权力平衡的系统性缺陷。违反《欧洲人权公约》第 18 条的情况是，当政府的行政部门试图侵蚀一国内部的社会、政治和经济权力时，以及当政府的司法和立法部门等制度性权力未能避免这种侵蚀。