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Commitment and states of mind with mood and modality
Natural Language Semantics ( IF 1.524 ) Pub Date : 2018-03-31 , DOI: 10.1007/s11050-018-9144-4
Alex Silk

This paper develops an account of mood selection with attitude predicates in French. I start by examining the “contextual commitment” account of mood developed by Portner and Rubinstein (in: Chereches (ed) Proceedings of SALT 22, CLC Publications, Ithaca, NY, pp 461–487, 2012). A key innovation of Portner and Rubinstein’s (P&R’s) account is to treat mood selection as fundamentally depending on a relation between individuals’ attitudes and the predicate’s modal backgrounds. I raise challenges for P&R’s qualitative analysis of contextual commitment and explanations of mood selection. There are indicative-selecting predicates that are felicitous in contexts where there isn’t contextual commitment (in P&R’s sense); and there are subjunctive-selecting predicates that involve no less contextual commitment (in P&R’s sense) than certain indicative-selecting verbs. I develop an alternative account of verbal mood. The general approach, which I call a state-of-mind approach, is to analyze mood in terms of whether the formal relation between the predicate’s modal backgrounds and an overall state of mind represents a relation of commitment. Indicative mood in French presupposes that the informational-evaluative state determined by the predicate’s modal backgrounds is included in the informational-evaluative state characterizing the event described by the predicate. The account provides an improved explanation of core mood-selection puzzles, including subjunctive-selection with emotive factives, indicative-selection with fiction verbs, indicative-selection with espérer ‘hope’ versus subjunctive-selection with vouloir ‘want’, and indicative-selection with commissives versus subjunctive-selection with directives. Subjunctive-selection with modal adjectives is briefly considered. The mood-selection properties of the predicates are derived from the proposed analysis of mood, independently attested features of the predicates’ semantics, and general principles of interpretation.

中文翻译:

情绪和情态的承诺和心态

本文使用法语中的态度谓语来描述情绪选择。首先,我研究了波特纳和鲁宾斯坦开发的情绪的“上下文承诺”说明(在:SAL 22的编着(编),CLC出版社,纽约伊萨卡,第461-487页,2012年)。波特纳和鲁宾斯坦(P&R)帐户的一项关键创新在于,从根本上取决于个人的态度与谓语的模态背景之间的关系,来选择情绪选择。我对P&R对背景承诺的定性分析和情绪选择的解释提出了挑战。在没有上下文承诺(在P&R的意义上)的上下文中,有一些指示性选择谓词是适当的。并且存在虚拟选择谓词,它们涉及的上下文承诺也不少(在P&R的意义),而不是某些指示性选择动词。我提出了一种口头情绪的替代解释。一般方法,我称之为心态方法是根据谓词的情态背景和整体心态之间的形式关系是否表示承诺关系来分析情绪。法语中的指示性情绪预设为,由谓词的情态背景确定的信息评估状态包含在表征该谓词描述的事件的信息评估状态中。帐户提供了核心的心情选择拼图的改进解释,包括虚拟语气的选择与情绪factives,指示选择与小说动词,表示选择与espérer “希望”,对应的虚拟语气的选择与vouloir“想要”和带有指令的指示性选择与带有指令的虚拟选择。简要考虑了模态形容词的虚拟选择。谓词的情绪选择特性来自拟议的情绪分析,谓词语义的独立证明特征以及解释的一般原理。
更新日期:2018-03-31
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