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Gender is a multifaceted concept: evidence that specific life experiences differentially shape the concept of gender
Language and Cognition ( IF 2.660 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-05 , DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2020.15
CLAUDIA MAZZUCA , ASIFA MAJID , LUISA LUGLI , ROBERTO NICOLETTI , ANNA M. BORGHI

Gender has been the focus of linguistic and psychological studies, but little is known about its conceptual representation. We investigate whether the conceptual structure of gender – as expressed in participants’ free-listing responses – varies according to gender-related experiences in line with research on conceptual flexibility. Specifically, we tested groups that varied by gender identity, sexual orientation, and gender-normativity. We found that different people stressed distinct aspects of the concept. For example, normative individuals mainly relied on a bigenderist conception (e.g., male/female; man/woman), while non-normative individuals produced more aspects related to social context (e.g., queer, fluidity, construction). At a broader level, our results support the idea that gender is a multifaceted and flexible concept, constituted by social, biological, cultural, and linguistic components. Importantly, the meaning of gender is not exhausted by the classical dichotomy opposing sex, a biological fact, with gender as its cultural counterpart. Instead, both aspects are differentially salient depending on specific life experiences.

中文翻译:

性别是一个多方面的概念:具体的生活经历不同地塑造性别概念的证据

性别一直是语言学和心理学研究的重点,但对其概念表征知之甚少。我们调查性别的概念结构——正如参与者的自由列表反应所表达的——是否会根据与性别相关的经验而变化,这与对概念灵活性的研究一致。具体来说,我们测试了因性别认同、性取向和性别规范而异的群体。我们发现不同的人强调这个概念的不同方面。例如,规范的个体主要依赖于大性别的概念(例如,男性/女性;男人/女人),而非规范的个体则产生更多与社会背景相关的方面(例如,酷儿、流动性、建构)。在更广泛的层面上,我们的结果支持性别是一个多方面和灵活的概念,由社会、生物、文化和语言成分构成。重要的是,性别的意义并没有被经典的对立性别二分法所耗尽,这是一个生物学事实,性别是其文化对应物。相反,根据具体的生活经历,这两个方面都有不同的显着性。
更新日期:2020-05-05
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