This article examines the perception of the (ing) variants, [ɪŋ] and [ɪn], in three regionally distinct localities in Britain: London in the South of England; Manchester in the North; and Edinburgh in Scotland. Data was gathered in perceptual tests in which respondents from each location rated stimuli doublets, each containing only one of the variants of (ing), on multiple social attribute scales. In London and Manchester, the perception of [ɪŋ] and [ɪn] broadly matches findings made for the United States in that speakers using [ɪŋ] are considered more articulate and hardworking, and less casual than speakers using [ɪn]. In Edinburgh, results are markedly different. We argue that these differences are due to a combination of factors that include the historical development of (ing) in a particular locale, which led to differences in production, variations in language ideology and, as a result, class-specific evaluations that appear to be regionally dependent.

中文翻译：

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（ing）社会观念的区域多样性

本文考察了在英国三个不同地区的（ing）变体 [ɪŋ] 和 [ɪn] 的感知：英格兰南部的伦敦；北部的曼彻斯特；和苏格兰的爱丁堡。数据是在感知测试中收集的，在这些测试中，来自每个地点的受访者在多个社会属性量表上对刺激双组进行了评分，每组只包含 (ing) 的一种变体。在伦敦和曼彻斯特，对 [ɪŋ] 和 [ɪn] 的看法与美国的调查结果大体一致，即使用 [ɪŋ] 的人被认为比使用 [ɪn] 的人更能表达、更努力，也更不随意。在爱丁堡，结果明显不同。我们认为，这些差异是由多种因素共同造成的，其中包括（ing）在特定地区的历史发展，这导致了生产上的差异，