Integrated test tasks, such as listening-to-speak or reading-to-write, are increasingly used in second language assessment despite relatively limited empirical insights into what they assess. Most research on integrated tasks has primarily focused on the productive skills involved; studies exploring the receptive skills mostly investigated tasks with reading input. Little is known about the nature of listening comprehension in integrated listening-to-write or listening-to-speak tasks. This study therefore investigates the listening construct underlying integrated tasks with oral input and its effect on summary accuracy. Eight listening-to-summarize tasks (four listening-to-speak, four listening-to-write) were administered to 72 Thai-L1, English-L2 students. Sixty participants provided their views on sources of listening difficulty through post-task questionnaires. Twelve participants produced stimulated recalls on their listening comprehension processing. The analyses of the recalls, combined with participants’ listening notes and oral/written summaries, revealed participants’ use of several cognitive listening processes and their monitoring through (meta)cognitive strategies, functioning interactively and interdependently in complex ways. The use of listening processes and strategies varied between tasks with different listening inputs, partly owing to differences in the passages’ linguistic difficulty (as perceived by the participants). However, the successful application of these processes and strategies (and their combinations) proved to be a prerequisite for producing accurate summaries.

中文翻译：

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有人在听吗？综合听力-总结任务中第二语言听力的性质

综合测试任务，例如听说或读写，越来越多地用于第二语言评估，尽管对其评估内容的经验见解相对有限。大多数关于综合任务的研究主要集中在所涉及的生产技能上；探索接受技能的研究主要调查具有阅读输入的任务。关于在综合听写或听说任务中听力理解的性质知之甚少。因此，本研究调查了具有口头输入的综合任务的听力结构及其对摘要准确性的影响。对 72 名泰语-L1、英语-L2 学生进行了八项听总结任务（四项听说，四项听写）。60 名参与者通过任务后问卷提供了他们对听力困难来源的看法。12 名参与者在他们的听力理解过程中产生了刺激性回忆。对回忆的分析，结合参与者的听力笔记和口头/书面总结，揭示了参与者对几种认知听力过程的使用以及他们通过（元）认知策略进行监控，以复杂的方式交互和相互依赖地运作。听力过程和策略的使用在具有不同听力输入的任务之间有所不同，部分原因是段落的语言难度（如参与者所感知的）的差异。然而，这些过程和策略（及其组合）的成功应用被证明是生成准确摘要的先决条件。