This paper aims to illuminate the role of sub-state languages in the integration process of migrants in two sub-state regions: Wales in the UK and the Basque Autonomous Community in Spain. We investigate how language and the idea of ‘belongingess’ based on language learning and knowledge are constructed in the integration policies in these two officially bilingual regions. We analyse policy documents on the topic of integration of migrants in the respective state and sub-state regions, as well as exploring how the role of language is in turn understood, accepted or contested by migrants. Using ethnographically oriented methods of enquiry such as observations of linguistic practices as well as semi-structured interviews with migrant learners of Welsh and Basque, this analysis seeks to contribute to the growing field of LPP as a multifaceted area of study, and in this case, position migrants as agents in policy-making processes. We find that despite distinctive and ambiguous roles ascribed to the respective official languages of each region, migrant new speakers ascribe certain values and roles to each language, which are not necessarily acknowledged or envisaged as such in integration policies. We propose that taking the voice of migrant new speakers learners into account would improve language and integration policymaking in these two sub-state regions and help to redefine the role of language resources in national ‘belongingess’ according to the needs of the stakeholders involved.

中文翻译：

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对次国家融合政策的争论：移民新演讲者作为语言制度的利益相关者

本文旨在阐明次国家语言在两个次国家地区的移民融合过程中的作用：英国的威尔士和西班牙的巴斯克自治区。我们调查了在这两个官方双语地区的融合政策中，语言和基于语言学习和知识的“归属感”的概念是如何构建的。我们分析了有关各州和次州地区移民融合主题的政策文件，并探讨了移民如何理解、接受或质疑语言的作用。使用面向民族志的探究方法，例如观察语言实践以及与威尔士和巴斯克移民学习者的半结构化访谈，该分析旨在促进 LPP 作为一个多方面研究领域的不断发展，并在这种情况下，将移民定位为政策制定过程中的代理人。我们发现，尽管每个地区各自的官方语言赋予了独特而模糊的角色，但新移民将特定的价值观和角色赋予了每种语言，这些价值观和角色在融合政策中不一定得到承认或设想。我们建议，考虑到移民新语言学习者的声音将改善这两个次州地区的语言和融合政策制定，并有助于根据相关利益相关者的需求重新定义语言资源在国家“归属感”中的作用。我们发现，尽管每个地区各自的官方语言赋予了独特而模糊的角色，但新移民将特定的价值观和角色赋予了每种语言，这在融合政策中不一定得到承认或设想。我们建议，考虑到移民新语言学习者的声音将改善这两个次州地区的语言和融合政策制定，并有助于根据相关利益相关者的需求重新定义语言资源在国家“归属感”中的作用。我们发现，尽管每个地区各自的官方语言赋予了独特而模糊的角色，但新移民将特定的价值观和角色赋予了每种语言，这在融合政策中不一定得到承认或设想。我们建议，考虑到移民新语言学习者的声音将改善这两个次州地区的语言和融合政策制定，并有助于根据相关利益相关者的需求重新定义语言资源在国家“归属感”中的作用。