The paper focuses on minority language policy implementation in Romania. Although the policy framework of minority language use is considered quite satisfying by many authors, a deeper analysis reveals significant problems in the implementation of these policies. Based on implementation research, the paper reveals the hidden mechanism of language policy in Romania. First, it presents evidence that without clear guidelines and tools for accountability, state authorities leave room for negotiation, and municipalities can choose whether they want to implement minority language use provisions or not. Second, rather counterintuitively, in many cases Hungarian settlements do not implement it either. All explanations point toward the fact that Hungarian political elites fail to create public pressure to force implementation, thus they choose to keep claims regarding minority language use in the symbolic and political realm. Moreover, it argues that policy implementation is not always a necessary condition for successful claim making, as the two domains are not always linked by the public. Also, it underlines the importance of micro-level analysis in the case of minority language policies, which can be achieved by putting more focus on implementation research, instead of legal and policy-based macro-analysis.

中文翻译：

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分离实施：罗马尼亚少数民族语言使用的话语与实践

该论文侧重于罗马尼亚少数民族语言政策的实施。尽管许多作者认为少数民族语言使用的政策框架相当令人满意，但更深入的分析揭示了这些政策实施过程中存在的重大问题。本文在实施研究的基础上，揭示了罗马尼亚语言政策的隐藏机制。首先，它提供的证据表明，如果没有明确的指导方针和问责工具，国家当局就会留有谈判余地，市政当局可以选择是否要实施少数民族语言使用规定。其次，与直觉相反的是，在许多情况下，匈牙利的定居点也没有实施。所有的解释都指向一个事实，即匈牙利政治精英未能创造公众压力来强制执行，因此，他们选择在象征和政治领域保留有关少数民族语言使用的主张。此外，它认为政策实施并不总是成功提出索赔的必要条件，因为公众并不总是将这两个领域联系起来。此外，它还强调了在少数民族语言政策的情况下微观分析的重要性，这可以通过更多地关注实施研究而不是基于法律和政策的宏观分析来实现。