Experimental measures of working memory that minimize rehearsal and maximize attentional control best predict higher-order cognitive abilities. These tasks fundamentally differ from clinically administered span tasks, which do not control strategy use. Participants engaged in concurrent articulation (to limit rehearsal) or concurrent tapping (to limit attentional refreshing) during forward and backward serial recall with each of three distinct stimulus sets: digits, line drawings of common objects, and images of nonsense symbols. The span tasks used common clinical stopping and scoring procedures. Scores were highest for digits and lowest for novel symbols in all combinations of direction and concurrent task. Furthermore, concurrent articulation and concurrent tapping interfered with backward recall to the same degree. Together, these findings indicate that clinically administered immediate serial recall tasks depend on both rehearsal and long-term lexical knowledge making it difficult to use these tasks to separate problems in language ability from problems in attention.

中文翻译：

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短期和工作记忆任务临床管理中的策略使用

最小化排练和最大化注意力控制的工作记忆的实验测量最能预测高阶认知能力。这些任务从根本上不同于临床管理的跨度任务，后者不控制策略的使用。参与者在前向和后向连续回忆期间使用三个不同的刺激组中的每一个进行并发表达（以限制排练）或并发敲击（以限制注意力刷新）：数字、常见物体的线条图和无意义符号的图像。跨度任务使用常见的临床停止和评分程序。在方向和并发任务的所有组合中，数字的得分最高，新符号的得分最低。此外，同时发音和同时敲击在相同程度上干扰了向后回忆。一起，