The present study compares the fit of two- and three-parameter logistic (2PL and 3PL) models of item response theory in the performance of preschool children on the Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices. The test of Raven is widely used for evaluating nonverbal intelligence of factor g. Studies comparing models with real data are scarce on the literature and this is the first to compare models of two and three parameters for the test of Raven, evaluating the informational gain of considering guessing probability. Participants were 582 Brazilian’s preschool children (Mage = 57 months; SD = 7 months; 46% female) who responded individually to the instrument. The model fit indices suggested that the 2PL fit better to the data. The difficulty and ability parameters were similar between the models, with almost perfect correlations. Differences were observed in terms of discrimination and test information. The principle of parsimony must be called for comparing models.

中文翻译：

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在 Raven 测试的性能中是否值得考虑“猜测”？呼吁测试验证的简约原则

本研究比较了项目反应理论的两参数和三参数逻辑（2PL 和 3PL）模型对学龄前儿童在 Raven 彩色渐进矩阵上的表现的拟合。Raven 测试广泛用于评估 g 因素的非语言智力。文献中比较模型与真实数据的研究很少，这是第一个比较两个和三个参数模型用于 Raven 的测试，评估考虑猜测概率的信息增益。参与者是 582 名巴西学龄前儿童（Mage = 57 个月；SD = 7 个月；46% 为女性），他们对仪器有单独的反应。模型拟合指数表明 2PL 更适合数据。模型之间的难度和能力参数相似，具有近乎完美的相关性。在鉴别和测试信息方面观察到差异。比较模型必须调用简约原则。