Traditional radial DEA models treat DMUs as black boxes, whose internal structures are ignored, and measure input and output changes proportionally. On the other hand, network DEA models consider the internal structure of a DMU as a network system where sub-processes are connected by intermediate products aside from consuming main inputs and producing final outputs. The interest in network DEA has increased over the years producing different types of formulations including the network slacks-based measure DEA (NSBM). NSBM is a non-radial network approach suitable for measuring efficiencies when inputs and outputs may change non-proportionally. However, NSBM models and some of its recent developments failed to adhere to three important efficiency measurement issues: (a) able to properly define overall and divisional efficiencies, (b) able to identify Pareto-Koopmans efficiency status, and (c) able to show equivalence of primal (multiplier) and dual (envelopment) forms of the network DEA model. This study addressed these issues based on the NSBM approach and compared the results of the proposed network SBM model with other existing models in the literature. A numerical study on 10 electric power companies further illustrated the use and significance of the proposed network SBM model in efficiency measurement.

中文翻译：

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通用网络系统的效率度量：基于松弛的度量模型

传统的径向DEA模型将DMU视为黑匣子，其内部结构被忽略，并按比例测量输入和输出变化。另一方面，网络DEA模型将DMU的内部结构视为一个网络系统，在该系统中，除了消耗主要输入和产生最终输出外，子过程还通过中间产品进行连接。多年来，人们对网络DEA的兴趣不断增长，产生了各种类型的公式，包括基于网络松弛的度量DEA（NSBM）。NSBM是一种非辐射网络方法，适用于在输入和输出可能不成比例地变化时测量效率。但是，NSBM模型及其一些最新进展未能遵守三个重要的效率衡量问题：（a）能够正确定义总体效率和部门效率，（b）能够识别Pareto-Koopmans效率状态，并且（c）能够显示网络DEA模型的原始（乘数）和对偶（包络）形式。这项研究基于NSBM方法解决了这些问题，并将建议的网络SBM模型的结果与文献中其他现有模型进行了比较。对10家电力公司的数值研究进一步说明了所建议的网络SBM模型在效率测量中的用途和意义。