This article considers primarily draft Article 12 of the ILC’s Draft Articles on Crimes Against Humanity, which address questions of victim participation and reparation, as well as the right to complain and the protection of complainants, witnesses, victims and others. In analysing the different aspects of draft Article 12, the authors outline ways in which its provisions could be strengthened. The authors note that, in several respects, draft Article 12 does not go far enough in articulating victims’ rights and leaves too much to be determined by States’ domestic law. In so doing, the text risks undermining certain rights recognized and protected under international law and may impede realization of some of the central objectives of the draft Articles (and thus the convention of which the draft Articles are intended to form the basis), including affording justice and eradicating impunity for crimes against humanity, harmonization of relevant laws and facilitating mutual cooperation. The authors also argue that the draft Articles as a whole would benefit from a more holistic vision of victims’ rights. The formulation of the draft Articles should reflect that past, current and future potential victims underlie the rationale for a convention on crimes against humanity. The authors hope that their reflections will prove useful to States and other actors, as they submit comments on the draft Articles prior to their finalization by the ILC in 2019.

中文翻译：

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参与、赔偿和补救

本条主要审议国际法委员会关于危害人类罪的条款草案的第 12 条草案，其中涉及受害者参与和赔偿问题，以及投诉权和保护投诉人、证人、受害者和其他人的问题。在分析第 12 条草案的不同方面时，作者概述了可以加强其规定的方式。提交人指出，在若干方面，第 12 条草案在阐明受害者的权利方面做得不够，而且还有太多内容需要各国国内法来确定。这样做，案文有可能损害国际法承认和保护的某些权利，并可能妨碍实现条款草​​案的一些核心目标（因此条款草案旨在构成其基础的公约），包括伸张正义和消除危害人类罪的有罪不罚现象、协调相关法律和促进相互合作。作者还争辩说，条款草案作为一个整体将受益于对受害者权利的更全面的看法。条款草案的表述应反映过去、现在和未来的潜在受害者是制定危害人类罪公约的基本原理。作者希望他们的思考对各国和其他行为者有用，因为他们在 2019 年国际劳工大会定稿之前提交了对条款草案的评论。作者还争辩说，条款草案作为一个整体将受益于对受害者权利的更全面的看法。条款草案的表述应反映过去、现在和未来的潜在受害者是制定危害人类罪公约的基本原理。作者希望他们的思考对各国和其他行为者有用，因为他们在 2019 年国际劳工大会定稿之前提交了对条款草案的评论。作者还争辩说，作为一个整体的条款草案将受益于对受害者权利的更全面的看法。条款草案的表述应反映过去、现在和未来的潜在受害者是制定危害人类罪公约的基本原理。作者希望他们的思考对各国和其他行为者有用，因为他们在 2019 年国际劳工大会定稿之前提交了对条款草案的评论。