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Gender-based Persecution as a Crime Against Humanity
Journal of International Criminal Justice ( IF 0.753 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-01 , DOI: 10.1093/jicj/mqz048
Rosemary Grey 1 , Jonathan O’Donohue 2 , Indira Rosenthal 3 , Lisa Davis 4 , Dorine Llanta 5
Affiliation  

In 2019, in the case of Prosecutor v. Al Hassan, Prosecutor Bensouda sought confirmation of the first charge of gender-based persecution at the International Criminal Court (ICC). Given that no previous international tribunal had jurisdiction to prosecute persecution on ‘gender’ grounds, this was an important first step towards developing the jurisprudence on this crime. Meanwhile, the Rome Statute’s definition of ‘gender’ has been discussed and debated in the International Law Commission (ILC) in the context of the ongoing development of draft articles on crimes against humanity. In the context of these recent developments in the ICC and ILC, this article closely examines the Rome Statute’s definition of ‘gender’, and explores what ‘gender’ means as a ground of persecution. We conclude that as a result of the definition agreed to at the 1998 Rome Diplomatic Conference, the Rome Statute’s definition of ‘gender’ captures the social aspects of gender, consistent with widely accepted practice at the time of the Statute's adoption and in the two decades since. These are important facts to hold on to as the focus on the definition of ‘gender’ intensifies, the ICC’s jurisprudence on gender-based persecution evolves, and efforts advance to develop a new convention on crimes against humanity.

中文翻译:

基于性别的迫害是危害人类罪

2019 年,在检察官诉 Al Hassan 案中,检察官 Bensouda 寻求在国际刑事法院(ICC)确认第一项基于性别的迫害指控。鉴于此前没有任何国际法庭有权起诉以“性别”为由的迫害,这是发展关于这一罪行的判例的重要的第一步。与此同时,在关于危害人类罪的条款草案的持续制定背景下,《罗马规约》对“性别”的定义已经在国际法委员会(ILC)中进行了讨论和辩论。在 ICC 和 ILC 的这些最新发展的背景下,本文仔细研究了《罗马规约》对“性别”的定义,并探讨了“性别”作为迫害理由的含义。我们得出的结论是,根据 1998 年罗马外交会议商定的定义,《罗马规约》对“性别”的定义涵盖了性别的社会方面,与该规约通过时和 20 年被广泛接受的做法一致。自从。随着对“性别”定义的关注愈演愈烈,国际刑事法院关于基于性别的迫害的判例不断发展,以及制定新的危害人类罪公约的努力不断推进,这些都是需要坚持的重要事实。
更新日期:2019-12-01
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