We investigate the unemployment impact of the 2008 crisis to study the relationship between economic and technological resilience in 248 European Union regions. For economic resilience we measure the difference between the level of unemployment rate before crisis and the level of unemployment rate at its peak after the crisis — i.e. the unemployment resistance. Using European Patent Office patents, we look at all technological crises in each region since 1978 and build a variable of technological resilience measuring the historical ability of a region to maintain its level of knowledge creation in the face of adverse shocks — i.e. the technological resistance. We find that technological resistance is a good predictor of unemployment resistance. In particular, our results show that (1) important interaction effects exist between technological resistance and human capital, (2) technological resistance and the level of human capital are less effective in protecting female and elder adult workers during an economic crisis and (3) important country level effects are present.

我们调查了2008年危机对失业的影响，以研究248个欧盟地区的经济和技术弹性之间的关系。为了提高经济弹性，我们测量了危机前的失业率水平与危机后的最高失业率水平之间的差异，即失业抵抗力。利用欧洲专利局的专利，我们研究了自1978年以来每个地区的所有技术危机，并构建了一个技术弹性变量，用以衡量该地区在面对不利冲击（即技术阻力）时保持其知识创造水平的历史能力。我们发现技术阻力是失业阻力的良好预测指标。特别是，