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A Review of Causality in a Social World: Moderation, Mediation, and Spill-Over
Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics ( IF 2.116 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-21 , DOI: 10.3102/1076998619881791
Nianbo Dong 1 , Benjamin M. Kelcey 2
Affiliation  

Investigating causality is one of the most important and challenging missions for researchers in educational and social sciences. Causal analyses often probe “what works” type questions, but increasingly policymakers and researchers are interested in causal explanations that additionally address questions regarding moderation (e.g., “for whom it works and under what conditions it works”) and mediation (e.g., “why does it work?”; Weiss, Bloom, & Brock, 2014). Compared to main effects, causal inference regarding moderation and mediation effects has been less studied. Although there have been extensive advances in these areas, there are notably fewer volumes that compile and integrate this work. Hong (2015) takes up these issues in detail while emphasizing through careful consideration and analysis how social settings invite treatment diffusion and spillover concerns that potentially undermine causal explanations and inferences. Causality in a Social World: Moderation, Mediation, And Spill-Over (Hong, 2015) aims to clarify the theoretical concepts of multivalued treatments, moderation, mediation, and spillover effects for applied researchers. It reviews existing methods and introduces a set of innovative statistical approaches to investigating these causal effects. Hong (2015) applies the causal framework of potential outcomes (Neyman, 1923/1990; Rubin, 1980) for identification of causal effects and introduces the propensity score-based nonparametric weighting methods for estimation of causal effects throughout the book. Empirical examples are used for demonstration, and software programs are provided for various analysis (https://voices.uchicago.edu/ghong/test-page/). The book targets graduate and undergraduate education and social science students who are interested in applied research methods in causal inference. Advanced level students with technical interest may also find the derivations Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics 2020, Vol. 45, No. 3, pp. 374–378 DOI: 10.3102/1076998619881791 Article reuse guidelines: sagepub.com/journals-permissions © 2019 AERA. http://jebs.aera.net

中文翻译:

社会世界中的因果关系回顾:调节,调解和溢出

调查因果关系是教育和社会科学领域研究人员最重要和最具挑战性的任务之一。因果分析通常会探究“什么可行”类型的问题,但是越来越多的政策制定者和研究人员对因果解释感兴趣,这些因果解释还涉及适度(例如,“在什么情况下起作用,在什么条件下起作用”)和调解(例如,“为什么?它起作用吗?”;魏斯(Weiss),布卢姆(Bloom)和布罗克(Brock),2014年)。与主要效果相比,关于调节和调解效果的因果推断研究较少。尽管在这些领域取得了长足的进步,但是汇编和整合这项工作的书卷却明显减少了。Hong(2015)详细研究了这些问题,同时通过仔细考虑和分析强调了社会环境如何引发治疗扩散和溢出问题,这可能破坏因果关系的解释和推论。社会世界中的因果关系:调节,中介和溢出(Hong,2015)旨在为应用研究人员阐明多值治疗,调节,中介和溢出效应的理论概念。它回顾了现有方法,并介绍了一套创新的统计方法来调查这些因果关系。Hong(2015)使用潜在结果的因果框架(Neyman,1923/1990; Rubin,1980)来识别因果效应,并在整本书中引入了基于倾向得分的非参数加权方法来评估因果效应。使用经验示例进行演示,并提供软件程序进行各种分析(https://voices.uchicago.edu/ghong/test-page/)。本书针对对因果推理中的应用研究方法感兴趣的研究生和本科生以及社会科学专业的学生。具有技术兴趣的高年级学生也可以找到其衍生品《教育与行为统计杂志2020年》第1卷。45,No.3,pp.374-378 DOI:10.3102 / 1076998619881791文章重用指南:sagepub.com/journals-permissions©2019 AERA。http://jebs.aera.net 本书针对对因果推理中的应用研究方法感兴趣的研究生和本科生以及社会科学专业的学生。具有技术兴趣的高年级学生也可以找到其衍生品《教育与行为统计杂志2020年》第1卷。45,No.3,pp.374-378 DOI:10.3102 / 1076998619881791文章重用指南:sagepub.com/journals-permissions©2019 AERA。http://jebs.aera.net 本书针对对因果推理中的应用研究方法感兴趣的研究生和本科生以及社会科学专业的学生。具有技术兴趣的高年级学生也可以找到其衍生品《教育与行为统计杂志2020年》第1卷。45,No.3,pp.374-378 DOI:10.3102 / 1076998619881791文章重用指南:sagepub.com/journals-permissions©2019 AERA。http://jebs.aera.net
更新日期:2019-10-21
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