The Korean VP anaphor (VPA) kuleha or kulay ‘do so’ has often been argued to involve ellipsis of an articulated VP structure, which is replaced with the surface form at PF (e.g., Cho in Lang Res 32:621–636, 1996; Ha in Korean J Linguist 35:471–487, 2010; Park in Linguist Res 32:693–718, 2015). In this paper, we present empirical data that does not support such a characterization, obtained from two experimental studies designed to diagnose the presence of “hidden” syntactic structure. In Experiment 1, building upon Kim and Han’s (in: Grosz, Patel-Grosz (eds) The impact of pronominal form on interpretation. Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, pp 349–373, 2016) finding that quantificational binding of the Korean pronoun ku ‘he’ is subject to inter-speaker variation, we conducted a truth-value judgment task experiment to examine the (un)acceptability of sloppy identity interpretation in the VPA construction. If the VPA is indeed derived from the deletion of an articulated VP, and thus has an unpronounced internal structure to house ku, the distributions of the sloppy reading of ku and the quantificational binding of ku should be correlated across the sampled population; however, such a pattern was not found. In Experiment 2, we conducted a Likert scale rating experiment testing whether extraction out of the VPA site is possible. If the VPA is an instance of ellipsis, extraction from the VPA site should be possible since there would be a syntactic structure that hosts an extractable constituent. This prediction, however, was not confirmed. On the basis of these empirical findings, we argue that Korean VP anaphora are base-generated pro-forms (Bae and Kim in Stud Mod Gramm 70:49–71, 2012; Park in Stud Mod Gramm 72:41–66, 2013), and retrieve their semantic values from the context through interpretive rules (Hoji in Linguist Inq 29:127–152, 1998; Hoji, in: Barss (ed) Anaphora: a reference guide. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, pp 172–236, 2003), as in the case of pronominal resolution.

中文翻译：

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韩语VP照应语的语法：实验研究

经常有人认为朝鲜语VP照应（VPA）kuleha或kulay'do do'涉及铰接式VP结构的省略号，该省略号已替换为PF的表面形式（例如，Cho in Lang Res 32：621–636，1996 ; Ha in Korean J Linguist 35：471–487，2010; Park in Linguist Res 32：693–718，2015）。在本文中，我们提供了不支持这种特征的经验数据，这些数据是从旨在诊断“隐藏”句法结构存在的两项实验研究中获得的。在实验1中，基于Kim和Han的著作（在：Grosz，Patel-Grosz（编辑）中，代词形式对解释的影响。Moutonde Gruyter，柏林，第349-373页，2016年）发现了朝鲜代词ku的量化约束“他”受制于说话者之间的差异，我们进行了一项真值判断任务实验，以检验VPA构建中草率身份解释的（不）可接受性。如果VPA确实从铰接VP的删除导出的，并且因此具有不发音的内部结构以容纳区，的稀松读数的分布区和定量结合区在整个抽样人群中应该相互关联；但是，没有找到这种模式。在实验2中，我们进行了李克特量表评分实验，测试是否可以从VPA网站中提取出来。如果VPA是省略号的实例，则应该可以从VPA站点进行提取，因为将存在一个包含可提取成分的语法结构。但是，这一预测尚未得到证实。根据这些经验发现，我们认为韩国副词照应是基础生成的形式（Bae和Kim在Stud Mod Gramm中70：49-71，2012； Park在Stud Mod Gramm中72：41-66，2013）。 ，并通过解释规则从上下文中检索它们的语义值（Hoji，Linguist Inq 29：127–152，1998； Hoji，in：Barss（ed）Anaphora：参考指南。BlackwellPublishing，牛津，第172–236页，2003年），