Despite the existence of a comprehensive international legal framework protecting children in armed conflict, ensuring its respect by armed non-State actors (ANSAs) still remains an important challenge. This can be linked to several circumstances, such as their lack of knowledge of the law, the absence of an incentive to abide by the applicable rules, their fragmented structure and their lack of capacity to implement the applicable framework. Certain practical cases, however, show that ANSAs’ behaviours may vary throughout armed conflicts. While certain groups have, at a given moment, breached some of their international obligations, others have shown some degree of commitment to respecting children's safeguards. When addressing the prohibition of recruiting and using children in hostilities, the reasons behind these variations have remained insufficiently explored. This article reviews some of the lessons learned from Geneva Call's experience when engaging ANSAs towards their compliance with child protection norms.

中文翻译：

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就禁止在敌对行动中招募和使用儿童的问题让武装非国家行为者参与进来：日内瓦呼吁的一些经验

尽管存在保护武装冲突中儿童的综合性国际法律框架，但确保武装非国家行为者 (ANSA) 尊重该框架仍然是一项重要挑战。这可能与多种情况有关，例如他们缺乏法律知识、缺乏遵守适用规则的动力、结构分散以及缺乏实施适用框架的能力。然而，某些实际案例表明，ANSA 的行为可能在整个武装冲突中有所不同。虽然某些群体在特定时刻违反了一些国际义务，但其他群体在尊重儿童保障方面表现出一定程度的承诺。在处理禁止在敌对行动中招募和使用儿童的问题时，这些差异背后的原因仍未得到充分探索。本文回顾了在使 ANSA 遵守儿童保护规范时从日内瓦呼吁的经验中吸取的一些教训。