ABSTRACT

Vitoria-Gasteiz, the capital city of the bilingual Basque Autonomous Community of Spain, is a largely Spanish-speaking city: over 90% of the city’s population claims Spanish as their native language and less than one-fifth of the city’s adult population is bilingual in Basque and Spanish (compare with more than one-third of the population of San Sebastián). Nevertheless, enrollment in Basque immersion (Model D) schools has grown over the last three decades and continues to grow. As of the 2018–2019 school year, 80% of primary and secondary public school students in the Basque Autonomous Community were enrolled in Model D schools. The goal of this study was to investigate the linguistic attitudes of primary school teachers in different school models in Vitoria-Gasteiz for the purpose of identifying factors in the positive growth of Basque as a minority language, as well as current challenges for growth, in this sociolinguistically adverse environment. Results are then related to opportunities and challenges for other minoritized languages undergoing language revitalization.

摘要

西班牙双语巴斯克自治区的首府维多利亚（Vitoria-Gasteiz）是一个讲西班牙语的城市：该市90％以上的人口以西班牙语为母语，而只有不到五分之一的成年人口使用该语言在巴斯克语和西班牙语（占圣塞瓦斯蒂安人口的三分之一以上）。尽管如此，在过去的三十年中，巴斯克浸入式（D型）学校的入学人数有所增加，而且还在继续增加。截至2018-2019学年，巴斯克自治区80％的中小学公立学校学生就读于D型学校。这项研究的目的是调查维多利亚州-加斯泰兹市不同学校模式中小学教师的语言态度，以期确定巴斯克作为少数群体语言积极发展的因素以及目前的增长挑战。社会语言不利的环境。然后，结果与正在经历语言复兴的其他少数民族语言的机遇和挑战相关。