Purpose:

This study examines the integration of Russian verbs into 50 languages from 12 different language families predominantly spoken in the former Soviet Union with respect to insertion strategies and input forms of Russian verbs. The aim is to test if there are statistically significant distributions between particular insertion strategies and grammatical, areal and sociolinguistic properties of the recipient languages.

Methodology:

This study applies the typological categories developed by Wohlgemuth for the classification of verbal borrowings by distinguishing three major insertion strategies. The donor language is kept constant (Russian). For every recipient language information on all instances of inserted verbs and data on word order, morphological type, language family and relevant social parameters have been gathered.

Data and analysis:

The linguistic data largely come from published sources. Frequency data on the distribution of the insertion strategies are quantitatively analyzed and tested for statistically significant correlations with sociolinguistic and typological parameters and areal location. The distributions are visualized by maps.

Findings:

There are no correlations between insertion strategies and extralinguistic parameters such as the general contact intensity. The two typological features (word order; morphological type) showed some correlations, and areality also plays a certain role. The main factor is the existence of productive insertion strategies within particular families or subbranches. Furthermore, the strategies show different degrees of flexibility with respect to the morphological form of the input and can be ordered along a hierarchy from more flexible (direct insertion) to not flexible at all (paradigm insertion).

Originality:

This is the first attempt to systematically compare the impact of Russian on languages with different genealogical affiliations, typological profiles and sociolinguistic conditions. Russian is an understudied donor language with a complex verbal morphology. This study is meant to undertake the first step towards a comprehensive study of Slavicization.

中文翻译：

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苏联语言政策的最新成就：俄语动词与前苏联语言的融合

目的：

这项研究从俄语动词的插入策略和输入形式方面考察了俄语动词如何与前苏联主要使用的12种不同语言族的50种语言进行整合。目的是测试特定插入策略与接收方语言的语法，区域和社会语言属性之间是否存在统计上显着的分布。

方法：

这项研究通过区分三种主要的插入策略，将Wohlgemuth开发的类型学类别用于言语借用的分类。供体语言保持不变（俄语）。对于每个接收者的语言，都收集了有关所有插入动词实例的信息以及有关单词顺序，形态类型，语言族和相关社会参数的数据。

数据与分析：

语言数据主要来自公开来源。对插入策略分布的频率数据进行了定量分析，并测试了与社会语言学和类型学参数以及区域位置在统计上的显着相关性。分布通过地图可视化。

发现：

插入策略和语言参数（如一般接触强度）之间没有关联。两种类型学特征（词序，形态类型）表现出一定的相关性，区域性也起一定的作用。主要因素是在特定的家庭或支行中存在生产性插入策略。此外，这些策略相对于输入的形态形式显示出不同程度的灵活性，并且可以按照从更灵活（直接插入）到根本不灵活（范例插入）的层次结构进行排序。

独创性：

这是首次尝试系统地比较俄语对具有不同宗谱关系，类型学特征和社会语言条件的语言的影响。俄语是一种被忽视的捐赠者语言，具有复杂的语言形态。这项研究旨在朝着全面研究奴隶制迈出第一步。