The aim of this article is to supplement the Law and Economics area of science with regard to the scope of the ex ante effectiveness of bankruptcy law using the example of Poland. Bankruptcy law is effective in the ex ante stage when it eliminates from the market insolvent entrepreneurs who cannot even afford to cover the costs of bankruptcy proceedings. In these cases, the bankruptcy court should dismiss the petition for bankruptcy because of “poverty” of the insolvent estate. As a result, the insolvent debtor should be liquidated and deleted from the register of companies. This paper investigates entities whose bankruptcy petition has been rejected due to “poverty” of the insolvent estate. The study shows that, after the filing has been dismissed, the majority of these entities are not liquidated. To determine who is responsible for this state of affairs, the article identifies the stakeholders at the time that applications are filed for bankruptcy proceedings and also after the bankruptcy petition has been rejected. The article highlights stakeholders' diverging interests, strengths, and weaknesses to assess their potential impact on bankruptcy procedures that should be dismissed due to “poverty” of the insolvent estate.

中文翻译：

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在遗产“贫困”的情况下，利益相关者在拒绝破产申请方面的作用：波兰案例研究

本文的目的是利用波兰的例子补充法律和经济学科学领域关于破产法事前有效性的范围。破产法在事前阶段是有效的，因为它将破产的企业家排除在市场之外，他们甚至无法负担破产程序的费用。在这些情况下，破产法院应以破产财产的“贫困”为由驳回破产申请。因此，破产债务人应被清算并从公司登记册中删除。本文调查了因破产财产“贫困”而破产申请被拒绝的实体。研究表明，在申请被驳回后，这些实体中的大多数都没有被清算。为了确定谁应对这种情况负责，本文在申请破产程序时以及在破产申请被拒绝之后确定了利益相关者。这篇文章强调了利益相关者的不同利益、优势和劣势，以评估它们对因破产财产“贫困”而应被驳回的破产程序的潜在影响。