ABSTRACT

The purpose of the article is to understand the socioeconomic conditions and driving forces that facilitate and motivate civic developers to reuse open data and create their own data-driven services, often on a free of charge, i.e., philanthropic basis. The recent emergence of myriad independent civic open data-driven projects in many parts of the world promise to propose new participatory ways to meet the needs of local communities and find cost-effective solutions to various issues at local levels of governance such as better urban planning, improvement of public transportation routes, crime rates mapping, assessment of public services, public scrutiny of lobbying activity, etc. However, the competitive market in the e-commerce sector often leaves little economic niches for independent civic developers to hope for big revenues from the promotion of such projects, especially considering the fact that the vast majority of them are implemented at local levels and their target audiences are usually small to ensure even economic self-sustainability. In this regard, the purpose of the paper is to understand what motivates civic developers, who often call themselves technically savvy citizens or independent developers, to step in and begin to reuse open data, which is published by local governments, considering that the creation of such data-driven projects is time and money consuming business, and, more importantly, elaborate on what kind of challenges these civic stakeholders face on the way.

摘要

本文的目的是了解社会经济条件和驱动力，这些条件通常会免费（即在慈善的基础上）促进和激励公民开发人员重用开放数据并创建自己的数据驱动服务。在世界许多地方，最近出现了无数独立的公民开放数据驱动的项目，这些项目有望提出新的参与方式，以满足当地社区的需求，并为地方治理层面的各种问题找到具有成本效益的解决方案，例如更好的城市规划，改善公共交通路线，绘制犯罪率图，评估公共服务，对游说活动进行公众审查等。但是，电子商务领域竞争激烈的市场通常不会给独立的公民开发者留下什么经济利基，他们希望他们从推广此类项目中获得丰厚的收入，尤其是考虑到其中大多数是在本地实施的，并且其目标受众是通常很小，以确保经济上的可持续发展。在这方面，本文的目的是了解促使公民开发者（通常被称为技术精明的公民或独立开发者）介入并开始重用由地方政府发布的开放数据的动机，考虑到这样的数据驱动项目是耗时和金钱的业务，更重要的是，详细说明这些公民利益相关者在路上面临的挑战。尤其要考虑到这样一个事实，即其中绝大多数是在地方实施的，其目标受众通常很小，以确保经济上的自我可持续性。在这方面，本文的目的是了解促使公民开发者（通常自称为技术精明的公民或独立开发者）介入并开始重用由地方政府发布的开放数据的动机，考虑到这样的数据驱动项目是耗时和金钱的业务，更重要的是，详细说明这些公民利益相关者在路上面临的挑战。尤其要考虑到这样一个事实，即其中绝大多数是在地方实施的，其目标受众通常很小，以确保经济上的自我可持续性。在这方面，本文的目的是了解促使公民开发者（通常自称为技术精明的公民或独立开发者）介入并开始重用由地方政府发布的开放数据的动机，考虑到这样的数据驱动项目是耗时和金钱的业务，更重要的是，详细说明这些公民利益相关者在路上面临的挑战。