ABSTRACT

The patterns of cumulated structured volleyball practice and other structured sports activities of elite adult Brazilian players, considering age of specialization in volleyball and achievement of international competition representing the national team, were examined using Bayesian multilevel models. Elite volleyball players (n = 78) with an average age of 19.2 (SD = 0.9) years were considered. We used retrospective quantitative questionnaire to track individual training history. The mean age of specialization in volleyball was 10.7 (95% CI 10.3 to 11.0) for players that specialized early (before age 12), 14.1 (95% CI 13.9 to 14.3) for players that specialized intermediate (between ages 13 and 15), and 16.2 (95% CI 15.7 to 16.7) for players that specialized late (after age 16). Consequently, the earlier the specialization age in volleyball, the more years of training experience were accumulated. International and national level players were similar in both specialization age and pattern of engagement in other structured sport activities. Conditional on the data and models, attainment of expertise in volleyball may be favored by the accumulation of nonspecific sport experiences at early ages, and specialization may occur at a rather late age during adolescence.

摘要

使用贝叶斯多层次模型，考察了排球专业化年龄和代表国家队的国际比赛的成就，巴西成年巴西球员的累积结构排球练习和其他结构性体育活动的模式。优秀排球运动员（ñ = 78），平均年龄为19.2（SD = 0.9）岁。我们使用回顾性定量调查表来跟踪个人培训历史。早期（12岁之前）运动员的专业排球平均年龄为10.7（95％CI 10.3至11.0），中级（13至15岁）运动员的平均年龄为14.1（95％CI 13.9至14.3），后期（16岁后）的球员则为16.2（95％CI 15.7至16.7）。因此，排球专业化年龄越早，积累的训练经验就越多。在专业化年龄和参与其他结构性体育活动的方式上，国际和国家级别的运动员都相似。以数据和模型为条件，