The partition of British India in 1947 resulted in one of the largest and most rapid migrations and population transfers of the 20th century. Using refugee presence by 1951 as a measure for the intensity of the impact of the population transfer, and district level data on agricultural output between 1911 and 2009 from India, we find using difference in differences and event study approaches that areas that received more refugees have higher average yields, are more likely to take up high yielding varieties of seeds, and are more likely to use agricultural technologies. The increase in yields and use of agricultural technology coincide with the timing of the Green Revolution in India. Using pre-partition data, we show that refugee placement is uncorrelated with soil and water table characteristics, agricultural infrastructure, and agricultural yields prior to 1947; hence, the effects are not explained by selective movement into districts with a higher potential for agricultural development. We highlight refugee literacy and land reforms in areas with refugees as two of the many potential mechanisms that could be driving these effects.

1947年英属印度的分工导致了20世纪最大，最迅速的移民和人口迁移之一。使用1951年之前的难民人数作为衡量人口转移影响强度的指标，并使用1911年至2009年印度的农业生产区级数据，我们发现使用差异的差异和事件研究方法可以得出，接收更多难民的地区平均单产较高，更可能吸收高产种子，并且更可能使用农业技术。产量的增加和农业技术的使用与印度绿色革命的时机相吻合。使用分区前数据，我们表明难民安置与土壤和地下水位特征，农业基础设施，1947年之前；因此，不能通过选择性地转移到农业发展潜力更大的地区来解释这种影响。我们着重指出在有难民的地区，难民扫盲和土地改革是可能造成这些影响的许多潜在机制中的两个。