ABSTRACT This paper draws on Gramsci’s concept of hegemony to locate the Newbolt Report, published in 1921, within a context of the weakening political authority of Britain’s ruling class. One indication of this is the fact that in 1917 200,000 workers were involved in strikes in 48 British towns. The moral and cultural dimensions of the problems facing the ruling class at this time point to the multi-dimensional significance of the Newbolt Report. Like all official documents, it is an articulation of competing interests of different social groups which are cohered into a world view that contributes to a hegemonic order. My paper examines the relationships between the Newbolt Report’s focus on English language and a wider attempt at the time to create a national identity legitimised through cultural claims rather than directly through politics. I offer a reading that attempts to elucidate the contradictory motivations of the Report’s making, as well as those contained within its own educational discourse. Culture came to be a site for the expression of political and social differences, as well as the medium for rendering them compatible. The Newbolt Report both exemplifies and, to an extent, resolves these tensions. By drawing on insights from history and sociology of education I substantiate this general description of the Newbolt Report as an example of a hegemonic, but nonetheless democratic, endeavour.

中文翻译：

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纽博特报告、道德合法性问题和文化转向

摘要 本文借鉴葛兰西的霸权概念，将 1921 年发表的纽博特报告定位于英国统治阶级政治权威弱化的背景下。一个迹象是，1917 年英国 48 个城镇有 200,000 名工人参与了罢工。统治阶级此时面临的问题的道德和文化维度指向了纽博特报告的多维度意义。像所有官方文件一样，它表达了不同社会群体之间相互竞争的利益，这些利益凝聚成一种有助于建立霸权秩序的世界观。我的论文考察了纽博尔特报告对英语的关注与当时更广泛的尝试之间的关系，即通过文化主张而不是直接通过政治来创造合法化的国家认同。我提供了一份解读，试图阐明报告制定的矛盾动机，以及包含在其自身教育话语中的动机。文化逐渐成为表达政治和社会差异的场所，以及使它们兼容的媒介。纽博尔特报告既体现了这些紧张局势，又在一定程度上解决了这些紧张局势。通过借鉴教育历史和社会学的见解，我证实了对纽博尔特报告的这种一般描述，作为霸权但仍然民主的努力的一个例子。以及使它们兼容的媒介。纽博尔特报告既体现了这些紧张局势，又在一定程度上解决了这些紧张局势。通过借鉴教育历史和社会学的见解，我证实了对纽博尔特报告的这种一般描述，作为霸权但仍然民主的努力的一个例子。以及使它们兼容的媒介。纽博尔特报告既体现了这些紧张局势，又在一定程度上解决了这些紧张局势。通过借鉴教育历史和社会学的见解，我证实了对纽博尔特报告的这种一般描述，作为霸权但仍然民主的努力的一个例子。