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Quantile structural treatment effects: application to smoking wage penalty and its determinants
Econometric Reviews ( IF 1.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-17 , DOI: 10.1080/07474938.2020.1770994
Yu-Chin Hsu, Kamhon Kan, Tsung-Chih Lai

Abstract We propose a new treatment effect parameter called the quantile structural treatment effect (QSTE) to distinguish between observed and unobserved treatment heterogeneity in the semiparametric additive potential outcome framework. The QSTE is defined as the quantile treatment effect if the observed covariates were exogenously set to a fixed value while keeping unobserved heterogeneity unchanged. We show the QSTE is identified under unconfoundedness and propose a semiparametric inverse probability weighted-type estimator that converges weakly to a Gaussian process. A multiplier bootstrap procedure is also carried out to construct uniform confidence bands. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and focusing on the female group for the plausibility of the unconfoundedness assumption, we examine observed and unobserved determinants of the adverse effects of smoking on wages known as the smoking wage penalty. Our findings suggest that different levels of observable human capital may partly explain the smoking heterogeneity on wages. However, no evidence is found to support unobservable explanations such as discrimination against smokers, especially in the upper tail of the unobserved heterogeneity distribution.

中文翻译:

分位数结构治疗效果:适用于吸烟工资处罚及其决定因素

摘要 我们提出了一个新的治疗效果参数,称为分位数结构治疗效果 (QSTE),以区分半参数加性潜在结果框架中观察到的和未观察到的治疗异质性。如果观察到的协变量被外源设置为固定值,同时保持未观察到的异质性不变,则 QSTE 被定义为分位数治疗效果。我们展示了 QSTE 是在无混杂下识别的,并提出了一个半参数逆概率加权型估计器,它弱收敛到高斯过程。还执行乘数引导程序以构建统一的置信带。使用收入动态小组研究的数据,并关注女性群体,以确定无混淆假设的合理性,我们研究了吸烟对工资的不利影响的观察到的和未观察到的决定因素,称为吸烟工资惩罚。我们的研究结果表明,不同水平的可观察人力资本可能部分解释了吸烟工资的异质性。然而,没有发现证据支持不可观察的解释,例如歧视吸烟者,特别是在未观察到的异质性分布的上尾。
更新日期:2020-06-17
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