This study examined the nature of effort towards challenge in stories recommended for young children in Indonesian schools. One hundred and nine stories with challenge information, recommended by the Indonesian government for Years 1 and 2 were analyzed, using a combination of content and structural analyses. When exploring the characters’ efforts towards challenge, the findings revealed that the most prominent type of effort depicted in the stories was exerted by characters other than the protagonist (other-initiated effort). Furthermore, while all stories with this type of effort had a successful outcome, self-initiated individual effort (exerted by the main character) was the most prevalent type of effort in stories with an unsuccessful outcome. These findings can be interpreted in more than one way. From the perspective of the achievement motivation literature, the responses to challenges depicted in the stories do not seem to promote a proactive approach towards difficulties. From the perspective of prevalent local values, however, the examples of effort presented in the stories may represent societal expectations concerning the acceptance of life events (in Indonesian: nrimo) and the promotion of caring values towards individuals in need. By integrating findings of the extant literature on achievement motivation with a contextually sensitive approach to the interpretation of the stories’ content, this study raises important questions for future research in this area.

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幼儿故事中如何描述挑战的努力：印度尼西亚的一项研究

这项研究检查了在印度尼西亚学校推荐给幼儿的故事中挑战挑战的努力性质。结合内容和结构分析，分析了印尼政府推荐的第1年和第2年的109个带有挑战信息的故事。当探索角色为挑战所付出的努力时，发现发现故事中描绘的最突出的努力类型是由主角以外的角色（其他发起的努力）施加的。此外，尽管所有采用这种类型努力的故事都取得了成功的结果，但自发的个人努力（由主角施加）是没有成功结果的故事中最普遍的努力类型。这些发现可以用多种方式来解释。从成就动机文献的角度来看，故事中描述的对挑战的回应似乎并没有促进对困难的积极主动的态度。但是，从普遍的地方价值的角度来看，故事中提出的努力示例可能代表了对接受生活事件的社会期望（印尼语：nrimo）并向需要帮助的人推广关怀价值观。通过将有关成就动机的现有文献的发现与对故事内容的上下文敏感方法相结合，这项研究为该领域的未来研究提出了重要问题。