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Free-electron shaping using quantum light
Optica ( IF 10.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-18 , DOI: 10.1364/optica.404598
Valerio Di Giulio , F. Javier García de Abajo

Controlling the wave function of free electrons is important to improve the spatial resolution of electron microscopes, the efficiency of electron interaction with sample modes of interest, and our ability to probe ultrafast materials dynamics at the nanoscale. In this context, attosecond electron compression has been recently demonstrated through interaction with the near fields created by scattering of ultrashort laser pulses at nanostructures followed by free-electron propagation. Here, we show that control over electron pulse shaping, compression, and statistics can be improved by replacing coherent laser excitation by interaction with quantum light. We find that compression is accelerated for fixed optical intensity by using phase-squeezed light, while amplitude squeezing produces ultrashort double-pulse profiles. The generated electron pulses exhibit periodic revivals in complete analogy to the optical Talbot effect. We further reveal that the coherences created in a sample by interaction with the modulated electron are strongly dependent on the statistics of the modulating light, while the diagonal part of the sample density matrix reduces to a Poissonian distribution regardless of the type of light used to shape the electron. The present study opens a new direction toward the generation of free-electron pulses with additional control over duration, shape, and statistics, which directly affect their interaction with a sample.

中文翻译:

使用量子光的自由电子整形

控制自由电子的波函数对于提高电子显微镜的空间分辨率,提高与感兴趣的样品模式的电子相互作用的效率以及我们探测纳米级超快材料动力学的能力非常重要。在这种情况下,最近已通过与由纳米结构上的超短激光脉冲的散射以及随后的自由电子传播所产生的近场的相互作用证明了阿秒电子压缩。在这里,我们表明,通过与量子光相互作用来代替相干激光激发,可以改善对电子脉冲整形,压缩和统计的控制。我们发现,通过使用相位压缩的光,对于固定的光强度,压缩会加速,而振幅压缩会产生超短双脉冲轮廓。产生的电子脉冲表现出周期性的复兴,完全类似于光学塔尔伯特效应。我们进一步揭示出,与调制电子相互作用而在样品中产生的相干性很大程度上取决于调制光的统计量,而样品密度矩阵的对角线部分减小为泊松分布,而与用于成形的光的类型无关电子。本研究为自由电子脉冲的产生开辟了一个新的方向,它可以进一步控制持续时间,形状和统计数据,这些直接影响其与样品的相互作用。我们进一步揭示出,与调制电子相互作用而在样品中产生的相干性很大程度上取决于调制光的统计量,而样品密度矩阵的对角线部分减小为泊松分布,而与用于成形的光的类型无关电子。本研究为自由电子脉冲的产生开辟了一个新的方向,它可以进一步控制持续时间,形状和统计数据,这些直接影响其与样品的相互作用。我们进一步揭示出,与调制电子相互作用而在样品中产生的相干性很大程度上取决于调制光的统计量,而样品密度矩阵的对角线部分减小为泊松分布,而与用于成形的光的类型无关电子。本研究为自由电子脉冲的产生开辟了一个新的方向,它可以进一步控制持续时间,形状和统计数据,这些直接影响其与样品的相互作用。
更新日期:2020-12-20
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