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Recent advances in processing negation
Natural Language Engineering ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-17 , DOI: 10.1017/s1351324920000534
Roser Morante , Eduardo Blanco

Negation is a complex linguistic phenomenon present in all human languages. It can be seen as an operator that transforms an expression into another expression whose meaning is in some way opposed to the original expression. In this article, we survey previous work on negation with an emphasis on computational approaches. We start defining negation and two important concepts: scope and focus of negation. Then, we survey work in natural language processing that considers negation primarily as a means to improve the results in some task. We also provide information about corpora containing negation annotations in English and other languages, which usually include a combination of annotations of negation cues, scopes, foci, and negated events. We continue the survey with a description of automated approaches to process negation, ranging from early rule-based systems to systems built with traditional machine learning and neural networks. Finally, we conclude with some reflections on current progress and future directions.

中文翻译:

处理否定的最新进展

否定是一种复杂的语言现象,存在于所有人类语言中。它可以看作是一个运算符,它将一个表达式转换为另一个表达式,其含义在某种程度上与原始表达式相反。在本文中,我们调查了以前关于否定的工作,重点是计算方法。我们开始定义否定和两个重要概念:否定的范围和焦点。然后,我们调查了自然语言处理中的工作,这些工作主要将否定视为改善某些任务结果的一种手段。我们还提供有关包含英语和其他语言的否定注释的语料库的信息,其中通常包括否定线索、范围、焦点和否定事件的注释的组合。我们继续调查,描述了处理否定的自动化方法,从早期的基于规则的系统到使用传统机器学习和神经网络构建的系统。最后,我们总结了对当前进展和未来方向的一些思考。
更新日期:2020-12-17
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