Parasomnias are involuntary behaviors or subjective experiences during sleep. Our objective was to review existing information on the presence of parasomnias in patients with addictions or during treatment for addictions. Information about parasomnias related to rapid-eye-movement (REM) and non-REM sleep in patients with addictions, while using substances or in abstinence, was reviewed. A systematic search of published articles reporting parasomnias as a consequence of drug use or abuse was conducted in the PubMed and SciELO databases. The search for the studies was performed in three phases: (1) by title, (2) by abstract, and (3) by complete text. The search was performed independently by two researchers, who then compared their results from each screening phase. Seventeen articles were found. The consumption of alcohol was reported in association with arousal disorders, such as sexsomnia and sleep-related eating disorder; and REM sleep behavior disorder was reported during alcohol withdrawal. Cocaine abuse was associated with REM sleep behavior disorder with drug consumption dream content. Overall, we found that several types of parasomnias were very frequent in patients with addictions. To avoid accidents in bedroom, legal problems, and improve evolution and prognosis; must be mandatory to include security measures related to sleep period; avoid pharmacological therapy described as potential trigger factor; improve sleep hygiene; and give pharmacological and behavioral treatments for patients with these comorbid sleep disorders.

中文翻译：

---

成瘾患者的异态睡眠——系统评价

异态睡眠是睡眠期间的非自愿行为或主观体验。我们的目标是审查有关成瘾患者或成瘾治疗期间存在异态睡眠的现有信息。回顾了与成瘾患者的快速眼动 (REM) 和非快速眼动睡眠相关的异态睡眠信息，同时使用物质或禁欲。在 PubMed 和 SciELO 数据库中对已发表的报告因吸毒或滥用导致的睡眠异常的文章进行了系统搜索。研究的搜索分三个阶段进行：（1）按标题，（2）按摘要，（3）按全文。搜索由两名研究人员独立进行，然后他们比较了每个筛选阶段的结果。找到了 17 篇文章。据报道，饮酒与觉醒障碍有关，例如性睡眠障碍和与睡眠有关的进食障碍；并且在戒酒期间报告了快速眼动睡眠行为障碍。可卡因滥用与 REM 睡眠行为障碍与药物消费梦想内容有关。总体而言，我们发现有几种类型的异态睡眠在成瘾患者中非常常见。避免卧室事故、法律问题，改善演变和预后；必须强制包括与睡眠时间相关的安全措施；避免被描述为潜在触发因素的药物治疗；改善睡眠卫生；并为患有这些共病睡眠障碍的患者提供药物和行为治疗。并且在戒酒期间报告了快速眼动睡眠行为障碍。可卡因滥用与 REM 睡眠行为障碍与药物消费梦想内容有关。总体而言，我们发现有几种类型的异态睡眠在成瘾患者中非常常见。避免卧室事故、法律问题，改善演变和预后；必须强制包括与睡眠时间相关的安全措施；避免被描述为潜在触发因素的药物治疗；改善睡眠卫生；并为患有这些共病睡眠障碍的患者提供药物和行为治疗。并且在戒酒期间报告了快速眼动睡眠行为障碍。可卡因滥用与 REM 睡眠行为障碍与药物消费梦想内容有关。总体而言，我们发现有几种类型的异态睡眠在成瘾患者中非常常见。避免卧室事故、法律问题，改善演变和预后；必须强制包括与睡眠时间相关的安全措施；避免被描述为潜在触发因素的药物治疗；改善睡眠卫生；并为患有这些共病睡眠障碍的患者提供药物和行为治疗。避免卧室事故、法律问题，改善演变和预后；必须强制包括与睡眠时间相关的安全措施；避免被描述为潜在触发因素的药物治疗；改善睡眠卫生；并为患有这些共病睡眠障碍的患者提供药物和行为治疗。避免卧室事故、法律问题，改善演变和预后；必须强制包括与睡眠时间相关的安全措施；避免被描述为潜在触发因素的药物治疗；改善睡眠卫生；并为患有这些共病睡眠障碍的患者提供药物和行为治疗。