Objective:Infantile hemiplegia due to brain injury is associated with poor attention span, which critically affects the learning and acquisition of new skills, especially among children with left-sided infantile hemiplegia (LSIH). This study aimed to improve the selective visual attention (SVA) of children with LSIH through transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS).Methods:A total of 15 children participated in this randomized, double-blinded, pilot study; of them, 10 experienced LSIH, and the remaining 5 were healthy age-matched controls. All the children performed the Computerized Stroop Color-Word Test (CSCWT) at baseline, during the 5th and 10th treatment sessions, and at follow-up. The experimental (n = 5) and control groups (n = 5) received tDCS, while the sham group (n = 5) received placebo tDCS. All three groups received cognitive training on alternate days, for 3 weeks, with the aim to improve SVA.Results:Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a statistically significant change in the mean scores of CSCWT between time points (baseline, 5th and 10th sessions, and follow-up) within-subject factor, group (experimental, sham) between-subject factor and interaction (time points X group) (p < 0.005). Furthermore, a one-way repeated measures ANOVA showed significant differences between time point (p < 0.005) for the experimental and control group but not the sham group.Conclusion:These pilot results suggest that future research should be conducted with adequate samples to enable conclusions to be drawn.

中文翻译：

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经颅直流电刺激会影响左侧婴儿偏瘫患儿的选择性视觉注意吗？一项随机对照试验研究

目的：脑损伤导致的婴儿偏瘫与注意力持续时间差有关，严重影响学习和获得新技能，尤其是左侧婴儿偏瘫（LSIH）患儿。本研究旨在通过经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）提高LSIH儿童的选择性视觉注意（SVA）。方法：共有15名儿童参加了这项随机、双盲、先导研究。其中，10 人经历过 LSIH，其余 5 人为健康的年龄匹配对照。所有儿童在基线、第 5 次和第 10 次治疗期间以及随访时都进行了计算机化 Stroop 颜色词测试 (CSCWT)。实验（n= 5) 和对照组 (n= 5) 接受 tDCS，而假组 (n= 5) 接受安慰剂 tDCS。所有三组均隔日接受为期 3 周的认知训练，旨在提高 SVA。结果：双向重复测量方差分析 (ANOVA) 显示不同时间点之间 CSCWT 的平均得分有统计学意义的变化（基线, 第 5 和第 10 次会议和后续) 主体内因素, 组 (实验, 假) 主体间因素和交互 (时间点 X 组) (p< 0.005)。此外，单向重复测量方差分析显示时间点之间存在显着差异（p< 0.005）对于实验组和对照组，但不是假组。结论：这些试点结果表明，未来的研究应该使用足够的样本进行，以便得出结论。