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Diatom communities differ among Antarctic moss and lichen vegetation types
Antarctic Science ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-17 , DOI: 10.1017/s0954102020000620
Jordan M. Bishop , Jane Wasley , Melinda J. Waterman , Tyler J. Kohler , Bart Van de Vijver , Sharon A. Robinson , Kateřina Kopalová

Continental Antarctica is a polar desert containing sparse pockets of vegetation within ice-free areas. Despite the recognized association between lichens, mosses and epiphytic diatoms, the environmental factors controlling diatom community structure are poorly understood. We investigated the association between diatom communities and host vegetation characteristics by experimentally adding nutrients and/or water to two bryophyte (healthy and moribund) and two lichen (crustose and Usnea) vegetation types in the Windmill Islands. Diatom communities were morphologically characterized, diversity indices calculated and differences between treatments, vegetation type and vegetation characteristics tested. We identified 49 diatom taxa, 8 of which occurred with > 1% relative abundance. Bryophyte and lichen vegetation harboured significantly different diatom communities, both in composition and diversity indices. Specifically, Luticola muticopsis was more prevalent in moribund bryophytes and crustose lichens, and Usnea lichens showed lower species richness than other types. While nutrient and water additions did not significantly alter diatom communities, diversity indices and some species showed relationships with vegetation physiological characteristics, notably %N and δ13C, suggesting the importance of ambient gradients in water and nutrient availability. Collectively, this work suggests that future conditions favouring the dominance of a particular vegetation type may have a homogenizing effect on the terrestrial diatom communities of East Antarctica.

中文翻译:

南极苔藓和地衣植被类型之间的硅藻群落不同

南极洲大陆是一个极地沙漠,在无冰区域内包含稀疏的植被。尽管地衣、苔藓和附生硅藻之间存在公认的关联,但对控制硅藻群落结构的环境因素知之甚少。我们通过向两种苔藓植物(健康和垂死)和两种地衣(甲壳质和松萝) 风车群岛的植被类型。对硅藻群落进行形态表征,计算多样性指数并测试处理之间的差异,植被类型和植被特征。我们确定了 49 个硅藻类群,其中 8 个的相对丰度 > 1%。苔藓植物和地衣植被在组成和多样性指数方面具有显着不同的硅藻群落。具体来说,紫花苜蓿在垂死的苔藓植物和结壳地衣中更为普遍,并且松萝地衣的物种丰富度低于其他类型。虽然养分和水的添加并没有显着改变硅藻群落,但多样性指数和一些物种显示出与植被生理特征的关系,特别是 %N 和 δ13C,表明环境梯度在水和养分有效性中的重要性。总的来说,这项工作表明,未来有利于特定植被类型占主导地位的条件可能会对南极洲东部的陆地硅藻群落产生均质化影响。
更新日期:2020-12-17
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