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Behavior assessment and applications for BRD diagnosis: preweaned dairy calves
Animal Health Research Reviews ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-02 , DOI: 10.1017/s1466252320000213
Catie Cramer , Theresa L. Ollivett

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is an important disease in dairy calves due to its long-lasting effects. Early identification results in better outcomes for the animal, but producers struggle to identify all calves with BRD. Sickness behavior, or the behavioral changes that accompany illness, has been investigated for its usefulness as a disease detection tool. Behavioral changes associated with BRD include decreased milk intake and drinking speed, depressed attitude, and less likelihood of approaching a novel object or stationary human. Behavioral measurements are useful, as they can be collected automatically or with little financial input. However, one limitation of many BRD behavioral studies includes the use of either lung auscultation or clinical signs as reference methods, which are imperfect. Additionally, external factors may influence the expression of sickness behavior, which can affect if and when behavior can be used to identify calves with BRD. Behavioral measures available to detect BRD lack adequate sensitivity and specificity to be the sole means of disease detection, especially when detection tools, such as calf lung ultrasound, have better test characteristics. However, using behavioral assessments in addition to other detection methods can allow for a robust BRD detection program that can ameliorate the consequences of BRD.

中文翻译:

BRD诊断的行为评估和应用:断奶前的奶牛

牛呼吸道疾病 (BRD) 是奶牛的一种重要疾病,因为它具有长期的影响。早期识别会为动物带来更好的结果,但生产者很难识别所有患有 BRD 的小牛。疾病行为,或伴随疾病的行为变化,已被研究作为疾病检测工具的有用性。与 BRD 相关的行为变化包括牛奶摄入量和饮用速度减少、态度沮丧以及接近新物体或静止的人的可能性降低。行为测量很有用,因为它们可以自动收集或只需很少的财务投入。然而,许多 BRD 行为研究的一个限制包括使用肺部听诊或临床体征作为参考方法,这是不完善的。此外,外部因素可能会影响疾病行为的表达,这可能会影响是否以及何时可以使用行为来识别患有 BRD 的小牛。可用于检测 BRD 的行为测量缺乏足够的敏感性和特异性,无法作为疾病检测的唯一手段,尤其是当检测工具(如小腿肺超声)具有更好的检测特性时。然而,除了其他检测方法之外,使用行为评估可以允许一个强大的 BRD 检测程序,可以改善 BRD 的后果。具有更好的测试特性。然而,除了其他检测方法之外,使用行为评估可以允许一个强大的 BRD 检测程序,可以改善 BRD 的后果。具有更好的测试特性。然而,除了其他检测方法之外,使用行为评估可以允许一个强大的 BRD 检测程序,可以改善 BRD 的后果。
更新日期:2020-12-02
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