Vaccines are urgently needed to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to help the return to pre-pandemic normalcy. A great many vaccine candidates are being developed, several of which have completed late-stage clinical trials and are reporting positive results. In this Progress article, we discuss which viral elements are used in COVID-19 vaccine candidates, why they might act as good targets for the immune system and the implications for protective immunity.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 疫苗的病毒靶标

迫切需要疫苗来控制 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行并帮助恢复大流行前的正常状态。许多候选疫苗正在开发中，其中一些已经完成后期临床试验并报告了积极的结果。在这篇进展文章中，我们讨论了 COVID-19 候选疫苗中使用了哪些病毒元素、为什么它们可能成为免疫系统的良好靶标以及对保护性免疫的影响。