In this study, a novel scheme is proposed for bidirectional beamforming using time‐modulated linear arrays (TMLAs). A beamforming method with a time shift was adopted to obtain the bidirectional pattern with the +1st harmonic using two switching sequences. Furthermore, the genetic algorithm was modified to obtain an additional beam using the fundamental component. In the proposed approach, the direction and sidelobe of the beam can be controlled by designing switching sequences, resulting in low complexity and a flexible structure in case of bidirectional beamforming. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed methods, and the levels of the sidelobe and null were reduced to −20 and −53.7 dB, respectively.

中文翻译：

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使用两个切换序列的时间调制线性阵列中具有+1次谐波的双向波束成形

在这项研究中，提出了一种使用时间调制线性阵列（TMLA）进行双向波束形成的新方案。采用具有时移的波束成形方法，使用两个切换序列获得具有+1次谐波的双向模式。此外，对遗传算法进行了修改，以使用基本组件获得额外的光束。在所提出的方法中，可以通过设计切换序列来控制波束的方向和旁瓣，从而在双向波束形成的情况下具有较低的复杂度和灵活的结构。仿真结果表明了所提方法的有效性，并且旁瓣和零点的电平分别降低到了-20和-53.7 dB。