Pore geometry plays a crucial role in determining the properties and functions of porous materials. Various methods have been developed to prepare porous materials that have randomly distributed or well‐aligned pores. However, a technique capable of fine regulation of local pore orientation is still highly desired but difficult to attain. A technique, termed mold‐assisted ice templating (MIT), is reported to control and program the local orientation of micropores. MIT employs a copper mold of a particular shape (for instance a circle, square, hexagon, or star) and a cold finger to regulate the 3D orientation of a local temperature gradient, which directs the growth of ice crystals; this approach results in the formation of finely regulated patterns of lamellar pore structures. Moreover, the lamellar thickness and spacing can be tuned by controlling the solution concentration.

中文翻译：

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通过模具辅助冰模板对微孔进行可编程局部定向

孔隙几何形状在确定多孔材料的性质和功能方面起着至关重要的作用。已经开发了各种方法来制备具有随机分布或排列良好的孔的多孔材料。然而，仍然非常需要一种能够精细调节局部孔取向的技术，但很难实现。据报道，一种称为模具辅助冰模板 (MIT) 的技术可以控制和编程微孔的局部方向。MIT 使用特定形状（例如圆形、方形、六边形或星形）的铜模具和冷手指来调节局部温度梯度的 3D 方向，从而指导冰晶的生长；这种方法导致形成精细调节的层状孔结构图案。而且，