Statement of problem

Interproximal contact loss between implant-supported restorations and adjacent natural teeth is a frequently encountered complication that could negatively affect surrounding tissues and/or patient satisfaction with treatment. The effect of interproximal contact loss on peri-implant tissue health and patient awareness of food impaction is currently unknown.

Purpose

The purpose of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to explore the effect of interproximal contact loss on peri-implant tissue health and determine whether interproximal contact loss leads to increased patient awareness of food impaction around the affected area. This study also aimed to identify whether specific patient or local factors could cause interproximal contact loss.

Material and methods

Eighty-three participants with posterior single-unit implant-supported restorations were examined. The mean follow-up time after prosthesis insertion was 4 ±2.2 years (range 4 months to 10.6 years). Interproximal contacts were evaluated by using waxed dental floss. Patient age, sex, implant location, opposing tooth status, presence of endodontically treated adjacent tooth, and regular use of an occlusal device at night were recorded. Peri-implant probing depths and the presence of bleeding on probing were also recorded. Each participant was asked to indicate whether they had noticed increased food impaction around their implant-supported restoration. Statistical analysis included nonparametric Mann-Whitney U tests, the Spearman rank-order correlation, the Pearson chi-squared tests, and the paired t test (α=.05).

Results

Among all examined mesial contacts, 34.1% were recorded as open, with an overall mesial interproximal contact loss (open and loose contacts combined) incidence of 48.8%. Restorations placed in premolar sites exhibited significantly tighter mesial interproximal contacts compared with those placed in molar sites (U=566, P=.041). A significant negative correlation was found between follow-up time after insertion and mesial contact tightness (r_s=−0.226, P=.041).

Conclusions

Interproximal contact loss appears to increase over time, with more surfaces being affected after longer periods of service. This study did not find an association between interproximal contact loss and peri-implant inflammation as measured by bleeding on probing, with the exception of the distolingual implant surface. Participants with interproximal contact loss were more aware of food impaction around their implant crown. Use of an occlusal device at night did not prevent interproximal contact loss.

中文翻译：

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种植体支持的修复体与相邻天然牙之间的邻间接触损失：一项长达 10 年随访的 83 种修复体的回顾性横断面研究

问题陈述

种植体支持的修复体和相邻天然牙齿之间的邻面接触损失是一种常见的并发症，可能会对周围组织和/或患者对治疗的满意度产生负面影响。目前尚不清楚邻面接触损失对种植体周围组织健康和患者对食物嵌塞的认识的影响。

目的

这项回顾性横断面研究的目的是探讨邻间接触损失对种植体周围组织健康的影响，并确定邻间接触损失是否会提高患者对受影响区域周围食物嵌塞的认识。该研究还旨在确定特定患者或局部因素是否会导致邻面接触丧失。

材料与方法

检查了 83 名后部单单元种植体支持修复体的参与者。植入假体后的平均随访时间为 4 ±2.2 年（范围为 4 个月至 10.6 年）。使用上蜡牙线评估邻面接触。记录患者年龄、性别、种植体位置、对侧牙齿状态、是否存在经过根管治疗的相邻牙齿以及夜间定期使用咬合装置。还记录了种植体周围探查深度和探查出血的存在。每个参与者都被要求指出他们是否注意到他们的种植体支持的修复体周围的食物嵌塞增加。统计分析包括非参数 Mann-Whitney U 检验、Spearman 秩相关、Pearson 卡方检验和配对t测试 (α=.05)。

结果

在所有检查的近中接触中，34.1% 被记录为开放，总的近中邻间接触损失（开放和松散接触相结合）发生率为 48.8%。与放置在臼齿部位的修复体相比，放置在前臼齿部位的修复体表现出明显更紧密的近中邻面接触（U = 566，P = .041）。插入后的随访时间与近中接触紧密度呈显着负相关（r _s =-0.226，P =.041）。

结论

邻间接触损失似乎随着时间的推移而增加，在更长的服务时间后，更多的表面受到影响。这项研究没有发现邻间接触丧失和种植体周围炎症之间存在关联，通过探诊出血来衡量，除了远侧种植体表面。邻间接触缺失的参与者更清楚他们的种植体牙冠周围的食物嵌塞。夜间使用咬合装置并不能防止邻面接触丢失。