Abstract The relationship between PISA 2012 maths test scores and relative poverty was tested in a sample of 35 Italian and Spanish regions, together with a larger sample that included Australian, Belgian, and Canadian regions. The correlation between mean scores in mathematics, adjusted for students' socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds, and poverty rates is ‐−0.84 for the Italian and Spanish sample, and −0.68 for the complete sample. In the regressions, the effect of relative poverty on mean scores in mathematics is highly significant (p

中文翻译：

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社会经济不平等和教育成就的地区差异：相对贫困的作用

摘要 PISA 2012 数学考试成绩与相对贫困之间的关系在 35 个意大利和西班牙地区的样本以及包括澳大利亚、比利时和加拿大地区的更大样本中进行了测试。数学平均分数（根据学生的社会经济和文化背景进行调整）与贫困率之间的相关性在意大利和西班牙样本中为 --0.84，对于完整样本为 -0.68。在回归中，相对贫困对数学平均分的影响非常显着（p