Luo and Hwang [Quantum Inf. Process (2016) 15:947–958] proposed the authenticated semi-quantum direct communication protocols for a quantum participant to be able to transmit secret messages to a classical participant without employing an authenticated classical channel. However, this study indicates that there is an information leakage problem in Luo and Hwang’s measure-resend protocol. The information leakage problem might allow an attacker to use an intercept-resend attack to obtain partial secret messages. Finally, an improved method is proposed to overcome the information leakage problem.

中文翻译：

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基于贝尔态的可认证半量子直接通信协议的密码分析与改进

罗和黄 [Quantum Inf. Process (2016) 15:947-958] 提出了经过身份验证的半量子直接通信协议，让量子参与者能够在不使用经过身份验证的经典信道的情况下向经典参与者传输秘密消息。然而，这项研究表明，罗和黄的测量-重发协议存在信息泄漏问题。信息泄露问题可能允许攻击者使用拦截重发攻击来获取部分秘密消息。最后，提出了一种改进的方法来克服信息泄漏问题。