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In the Blink of an Eye: Reading Mental States From Briefly Presented Eye Regions
i-Perception ( IF 1.492 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1177/2041669520961116
Gunnar Schmidtmann 1 , Andrew J. Logan 2 , Claus-Christian Carbon 3 , Joshua T. Loong 4 , Ian Gold 5
Affiliation  

Faces provide not only cues to an individual’s identity, age, gender, and ethnicity but also insight into their mental states. The aim was to investigate the temporal aspects of processing of facial expressions of complex mental states for very short presentation times ranging from 12.5 to 100 ms in a four-alternative forced choice paradigm based on Reading the Mind in the Eyes test. Results show that participants are able to recognise very subtle differences between facial expressions; performance is better than chance, even for the shortest presentation time. Importantly, we show for the first time that observers can recognise these expressions based on information contained in the eye region only. These results support the hypothesis that the eye region plays a particularly important role in social interactions and that the expressions in the eyes are a rich source of information about other peoples’ mental states. When asked to what extent the observers guessed during the task, they significantly underestimated their ability to make correct decisions, yet perform better than chance, even for very brief presentation times. These results are particularly relevant in the light of the current COVID-19 pandemic and the associated wearing of face coverings.

中文翻译:

眨眼之间:从简短呈现的眼睛区域阅读心理状态

面孔不仅可以提示个人的身份,年龄,性别和种族,还可以洞察其心理状态。目的是在基于“读心术”测试的四替代强迫选择范式中研究从12.5到100 ms的非常短的呈现时间,处理复杂的心理状态的面部表情的时间方面。结果表明,参与者能够识别出面部表情之间非常细微的差异。即使是最短的演示时间,性能也比偶然好。重要的是,我们首次证明观察者只能根据眼睛区域中包含的信息来识别这些表情。这些结果支持以下假设:眼睛区域在社交互动中起着特别重要的作用,并且眼睛中的表情是有关其他人心理状态的丰富信息来源。当被问及观察员在任务中猜到什么程度时,他们大大低估了他们做出正确决定的能力,即使在很短的演讲时间内,他们的表现也比偶然要好。鉴于当前的COVID-19大流行以及相关的面罩佩戴问题,这些结果特别相关。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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