Sense of self (SOS) is a cornerstone of psychological inquiry and therapy and is a defining feature of a range of psychological conditions including borderline personality disorder, yet it is poorly understood. SOS is that continuous experience of being a complete and authentic person who feels in control of their own activities. It is a part of normal development of the self and, when weakened by trauma or developmental neglect, is a vulnerability for developing many different disorders, including depression and dissociative, personality, and eating disorders. This review aims to provide a working definition and description of SOS and to summarize its transdiagnostic role in contributing to psychological disorders. To achieve this aim, the article encompasses and unites the literature from various theoretical domains including developmental psychology, identity theory, cognitive psychology, personality disorders, and psychodynamic theories. Implications are raised for psychological therapy and research into psychopathology and its underpinnings.

中文翻译：

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自我意识：其在人格障碍，心理病理和正常经历中的位置

自我意识（SOS）是心理探究和治疗的基石，并且是包括边缘性人格障碍在内的一系列心理疾病的定义特征，但人们对此知之甚少。SOS是成为一个完整而真实的人的持续经验，可以控制自己的活动。它是自我正常发展的一部分，当受到创伤或发展疏忽所削弱时，是发展许多不同疾病的脆弱性，包括抑郁和分离，人格和饮食失调。这篇综述旨在提供对SOS的有效定义和描述，并总结其在导致心理疾病中的转诊作用。为了达到这个目的，本文涵盖并统一了来自各个理论领域的文献，包括发展心理学，身份理论，认知心理学，人格障碍和心理动力学理论。提出了对心理疗法以及对心理病理学及其基础的研究的启示。