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Self- and Other-Dehumanization Processes in Health-Related Contexts: A Critical Review of the Literature
Review of General Psychology ( IF 4.615 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-22 , DOI: 10.1177/1089268019880889
Eva Diniz 1 , Sónia F. Bernardes 1 , Paula Castro 1
Affiliation  

Dehumanization is an everyday, pervasive phenomenon in health contexts. Given its detrimental consequences to health care, much research has been dedicated to understanding and promoting the humanization of health services. However, health care service research has neglected the sociopsychological processes involved in the dehumanization of self and others, in formal but also informal health-related contexts. Drawing upon sociopsychological models of dehumanization, this article will bridge this gap by presenting a critical review of studies on everyday meaning-making and person perception processes of dehumanization in health-related contexts. A database search was conducted in PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed, using a combination of keywords on dehumanization and health/illness/body; 3,229 references were screened; 95 full texts were assessed for eligibility; 59 studies were included. Most studies focused on informal contexts, reflecting a decontextualized and one-sided view of dehumanization (i.e., not integrating actors’ and victims’ perspectives). Despite the dominant focus on self-dehumanization, emerging perspectives uncover the role of processes that deny human uniqueness to others, and their individual determinants and consequences for mental health. A few studies bring to light the functions of a variety of dehumanizing body metaphors on self- and other-dehumanization. These trends in the literature leave several gaps, which are here critically analyzed to inform future research.

中文翻译:

与健康有关的自我和非人性化过程:对文献的批判性评论

在健康环境中,非人性化是每天普遍存在的现象。考虑到其对卫生保健的不利影响,许多研究致力于理解和促进卫生服务的人性化。但是,在正式的但也与非正式的健康相关的情况下,卫生保健服务研究忽略了涉及自我和他人非人性化的社会心理学过程。借助非人性化的社会心理学模型,本文将通过对健康相关环境中非人性化的日常意义和人的感知过程的研究进行评论,从而弥合这一差距。在PsycINFO,Web of Science,Scopus和PubMed中进行了数据库搜索,使用了有关非人性化和健康/疾病/身体的关键字组合;筛选了3,229篇参考文献;评估了95篇全文的资格;包括59个研究。大多数研究侧重于非正式背景,反映了非人性化的脱上下文和单方面的观点(即,没有将行为者和受害者的观点融合在一起)。尽管人们主要关注自我非人性化,但新兴观点揭示了否认人类对他人的独特性及其对人类健康的决定因素和后果的过程的作用。一些研究揭示了各种非人性化的身体隐喻对自我和其他非人性化的功能。文献中的这些趋势留下了一些空白,在此进行了严格的分析,以为将来的研究提供参考。没有整合演员和受害者的观点)。尽管人们主要关注自我非人性化,但新兴观点揭示了否认人类对他人的独特性及其对人类健康的决定因素和后果的过程的作用。一些研究揭示了各种非人性化的身体隐喻对自我和其他非人性化的功能。文献中的这些趋势留下了一些空白,在此进行了严格的分析,以为将来的研究提供参考。没有整合演员和受害者的观点)。尽管人们主要关注自我非人性化,但新兴观点揭示了否认人类对他人的独特性及其对人类健康的决定因素和后果的过程的作用。一些研究揭示了各种非人性化的身体隐喻对自我和其他非人性化的功能。文献中的这些趋势留下了一些空白,在此进行了严格的分析,以为将来的研究提供参考。一些研究揭示了各种非人性化的身体隐喻对自我和其他非人性化的功能。文献中的这些趋势留下了一些空白,在此进行了严格的分析,以为将来的研究提供参考。一些研究揭示了各种非人性化的身体隐喻对自我和其他非人性化的功能。文献中的这些趋势留下了一些空白,在此进行了严格的分析,以为将来的研究提供参考。
更新日期:2019-10-22
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