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Red visual stimulation in the Ganzfeld leads to a relative overestimation of duration compared to green
PsyCh Journal ( IF 1.559 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-05 , DOI: 10.1002/pchj.395
Sebastian L. Kübel 1, 2 , Henrike Fiedler 2 , Marc Wittmann 1
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A Ganzfeld is a homogenized visual and auditory perceptual field which can induce altered states of consciousness (ASC; Metzger, 1929; Schmidt & Prein, 2019). Using a balanced intrasubject design, we compared participants' experience during two differently colored (red, green) 25‐min Ganzfeld sessions with brown noise as acoustic stimulation. Participants were exposed to the colored visual field through commercially available goggles and to brown noise over headphones. We selected 67 participants with some prior meditation experience to increase the probability that they would engage meaningfully with this specifically restricted stimulus situation. We tested the functional components of the standard cognitive model of time perception (Zakay & Block, 1997) in a path analysis for direct (red vs. green light) and indirect effects (arousal, attention) on subjective duration and perceived passage of time. Subjective arousal and valence states were measured using the Self‐Assessment Manikin (SAM). The amount of attention directed to time and the perceived passage of time were rated with standard visual analog scales (VAS). Participants also estimated the duration of each Ganzfeld exposure. The session with the red visual field lasted significantly longer than did the green session (μred = 23.1 min; μgreen = 19.8 min). After the green session, participants rated their arousal level to have significantly decreased; after the red session, individuals on average felt emotionally less positive. Multiple path analyses revealed that the effect of color on estimated duration is completely mediated through higher arousal levels during the red Ganzfeld session. In turn, the higher arousal level generates a longer subjective estimate of duration. For induction of relaxation in studies probing altered states of consciousness employing the Ganzfeld technique, we recommend using the green light.

中文翻译:

与绿色相比,甘兹菲尔德的红色视觉刺激导致持续时间的相对高估

甘兹菲尔德(Ganzfeld)是一个视觉和听觉均质的领域,可以诱发意识状态的改变(ASC; Metzger,1929; Schmidt&Prein,2019)。使用平衡的受试者内部设计,我们将参与者在两次不同颜色(红色,绿色)的25分钟Ganzfeld训练中的体验与棕色噪声作为声学刺激进行了比较。参与者通过市售的护目镜暴露在有色视野中,并通过耳机听到棕色的声音。我们选择了67位具有一定冥想经验的参与者,以增加他们有意义地参与这种特别限制的刺激情况的可能性。我们在路径分析中对直接时间(红色与黑色)进行了时间感知的标准认知模型(Zakay&Block,1997)的功能组件测试。绿灯)以及对主观持续时间和感知的时间流逝的间接影响(唤醒,注意力)。使用自我评估模型(SAM)来测量主观唤醒和化合价状态。用标准的视觉模拟量表(VAS)评估了对时间的关注程度和感知的时间流逝。参与者还估计了每次甘兹菲尔德暴露的持续时间。红色视野的持续时间明显长于绿色视野的持续时间(μ红色= 23.1分钟;μ绿色= 19.8分钟)。绿色会议结束后,参与者将他们的唤醒水平定为明显降低;在红色会议之后,每个人平均而言在情绪上没有那么积极。多径分析显示,红色对甘孜菲德疗程期间,颜色对估计持续时间的影响完全通过更高的唤醒水平来介导。反过来,较高的唤醒水平会产生较长的主观时间估计。为了在采用Ganzfeld技术探究意识改变状态的研究中诱导放松,我们建议使用绿灯。
更新日期:2020-10-05
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