Previous research has shown that in real-life situations people detect lies mostly from non-behavioral information (e.g., physical evidence, third-party information, confessions…) rather than from behavioral cues. Novotny et al. (J Nonverbal Behav 42:41–52, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10919-017-0263-2) argued that while lies are detected primarily from non-behavioral information, initial suspicion of a lie can be triggered primarily from behavioral cues. They conducted two studies and claimed support for their hypotheses. However, there are a number of problematic issues with Novotny et al.’s research and conclusions. We conducted analyses based on the frequencies and percentages they reported, and used meta-analytical techniques to combine their findings concerning discovered lies with those of previous research. The results show that lies are indeed detected from non-behavioral information more often than from behavioral cues. However, contrary to Novotny et al.’s assertions, suspicion is not triggered primarily from behavioral cues—rather, there is a trend in favor of non-behavioral information. Even so, behavioral cues play a bigger role in eliciting suspicion than in lie discovery.

中文翻译：

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人们如何真正猜疑撒谎：对Novotny等人（2018）数据的重新审查

先前的研究表明，在现实生活中，人们发现谎言的主要途径是非行为信息（例如，物理证据，第三方信息，供词等），而不是行为暗示。Novotny等。（J Nonverbal Behav 42：41–52，2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10919-017-0263-2）辩称，虽然谎言主要是从非行为信息中检测到的，但初步怀疑谎言的产生主要是由行为线索引起的。他们进行了两项研究，并声称支持他们的假设。但是，Novotny等人的研究和结论存在许多问题。我们根据他们报告的频率和百分比进行了分析，并使用荟萃分析技术将他们关于发现的谎言的发现与以前的研究相结合。结果表明，从非行为信息中发现说谎的确比从行为线索中发现的更多。但是，与Novotny等人的主张相反，怀疑并非主要是由行为线索引起的-而是倾向于非行为信息。即便如此，行为暗示在引起怀疑方面比在谎言发现中发挥更大的作用。