Schizophrenia is associated with wide-ranging disability across multiple functional domains. There are several determinants of disability that have been identified to date, including cognitive and social cognitive impairments, impairments in everyday functional skills and social skills, difficulties in self-assessment of abilities, and negative symptoms. These impairments are related to different elements of disability, and disability and its predictors are not a single global dimension. Further, although psychotic symptoms have limited cross-sectional correlations with everyday functioning, emerging evidence suggests that long-term clinical stability, often induced through treatment with long-acting antipsychotic medications, is also associated with improvements in everyday functioning. This review addresses the characteristics and origins of disability, with treatment implications noted in each disability domains.

精神分裂症与跨多个功能域的广泛残疾相关。迄今为止，已经确定了多种残疾决定因素，包括认知和社会认知障碍，日常功能技能和社交技能障碍，能力自我评估困难以及负面症状。这些障碍与残疾的不同因素有关，并且残疾及其预测因素不是一个单一的全球范围。此外，尽管精神病性症状与日常功能的横断面相关性有限，但新兴证据表明，通常是通过长效抗精神病药治疗引起的长期临床稳定性，也与日常功能的改善有关。