International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology ( IF 7.423 ) Pub Date : 2017-07-09 , DOI: 10.1080/1750984x.2017.1349826 Duarte Araújo 1 , Robert Hristovski 2 , Ludovic Seifert 3 , João Carvalho 1, 4 , Keith Davids 5
ABSTRACT
Expert decision-making can be directly assessed, if sport action is understood as an expression of embedded and embodied cognition. Here, we discuss evidence for this claim, starting with a critical review of research literature on the perceptual-cognitive basis for expertise. In reviewing how performance and underlying processes are conceived and captured in extant sport psychology, we evaluate arguments in favour of a key role for actions in decision-making, situated in a performance environment. Key assumptions of an ecological dynamics perspective are also presented, highlighting how behaviours emerge from the continuous interactions in the performer-environment system. Perception is of affordances; and action, as an expression of cognition, is the realisation of an affordance and emerges under constraints. We also discuss the role of knowledge and consciousness in decision-making behaviour. Finally, we elaborate on the specificities of investigating and understanding decision-making in sport. Specifically, decision-making concerns the choice of action modes when perceiving an affordance during a course of action, as well as the selection of a particular affordance, amongst many that exist in a landscape in a sport performance environment. We conclude by pointing to some applications for the practice of sport psychology and coaching and identifying avenues for future research.
中文翻译:
生态认知:运动中的专家决策行为
摘要
如果将体育活动理解为嵌入和体现的认知的表达,则可以直接评估专家的决策。在这里,我们将从专业知识的认知认知基础上对研究文献进行批判性评论开始,讨论这一主张的证据。在回顾现有运动心理学中如何构想和捕捉绩效和基本过程时,我们评估了在绩效环境中有利于行动在决策中发挥关键作用的论点。还介绍了生态动力学观点的关键假设,强调了行为者如何从表演者-环境系统中的持续交互中出现。感知是有能力的;行动,作为一种认知的表达,是一种能力的实现,并在约束下出现。我们还将讨论知识和意识在决策行为中的作用。最后,我们详细阐述了研究和理解体育决策的特殊性。具体而言,决策涉及在运动过程环境中景观中存在的许多行为中,在感知行动过程中的感知能力时选择动作模式以及选择特定的能力。最后,我们指出了体育心理学实践和指导的一些应用,并确定了未来研究的途径。以及特定体育活动的选择,包括运动表现环境中存在的许多景观。最后,我们指出了体育心理学实践和指导的一些应用,并确定了未来研究的途径。以及特定体育活动的选择,包括运动表现环境中存在于景观中的许多活动。最后,我们指出了体育心理学实践和指导的一些应用,并确定了未来研究的途径。