ABSTRACT

This scoping review sought to identify every published study on extraversion in sport. A narrative synthesis was used to interpret findings across research themes. The evidence was graded with validated measures that use quantitative criteria to establish the quality of report writing and confidence in the findings reported. A comprehensive electronic and manual literature search identified 151 published articles (155 independent studies). The research was deductively coded into eight research themes within four causal hypotheses. Study quality varied according to publication date (r = –.52) and the evidence supporting major research questions was graded as ‘low’ or ‘very low’ in most instances. The most convincing evidence indicated that athletes are more extraverted than non-athletes (k = 58), team-sport athletes are more extraverted than individual-sport athletes (k = 18), female athletes are more extraverted than male athletes (k = 24), athletes scoring higher on extraversion use more adaptive coping strategies (k = 9), have stronger coach-athlete relationships (k = 6), and tend to be more successful (k = 33). Insufficient evidence was available to draw conclusions regarding playing position, group processes, or team success. Further research on coaches and officials, and using longitudinal and experimental research designs, are recommended.

摘要

这份范围审查旨在确定每一项已发表的关于体育外向性的研究。叙事综合被用来解释跨研究主题的发现。证据采用经过验证的措施进行分级，这些措施使用定量标准来确定报告撰写的质量和对报告结果的信心。全面的电子和手动文献搜索确定了 151 篇已发表的文章（155 项独立研究）。该研究被演绎地编码为四个因果假设中的八个研究主题。研究质量因出版日期而异 ( r  = –.52)，在大多数情况下，支持主要研究问题的证据被评为“低”或“非常低”。最有说服力的证据表明，运动员比非运动员更外向（k = 58)，团队运动运动员比个人运动​​员更外向 ( k  = 18)，女运动员比男运动员更外向 ( k  = 24)，外向性得分较高的运动员使用更多适应性应对策略 ( k  = 9) )，教练-运动员关系更牢固 ( k  = 6)，并且往往更成功 ( k  = 33)。没有足够的证据可以得出关于比赛位置、团队过程或团队成功的结论。建议对教练员和官员进行进一步研究，并使用纵向和实验研究设计。