ABSTRACT

This review provides a new integration of recent research that has formed the basis of a social identity explanation of supportive collective behaviour among survivors in emergencies and disasters. I describe a model in which a sense of common fate is the source of an emergent shared social identity among survivors, which in turn provides the motivation to give social support to others affected. In addition, by drawing on the concept of relational transformation in psychological crowds, I show how an emergent shared social identity can engender a range of further behavioural and cognitive consequences that contribute to collective self-organisation in emergencies, including expected support, coordination of behaviour, and collective efficacy. It will be argued that the model can been applied to explaining how potentially dangerous crowd events avoid disaster: shared social identity operates as the basis of spontaneous self-organisation in these cases, as in many emergencies and disasters.

摘要

这篇评论提供了最新研究的新整合，该研究形成了对社会紧急情况和灾难中幸存者之间支持性集体行为的社会认同解释的基础。我描述了一种模式，在这种模式中，共同的命运感是幸存​​者之间出现共同的社会身份的源泉，这反过来又提供了向受影响的其他人提供社会支持的动力。此外，通过利用心理人群中的关系转变概念，我展示了新兴的共享社会身份如何引发一系列进一步的行为和认知后果，这些后果在紧急情况下有助于集体自我组织，包括预期的支持，行为协调和集体效能。