ABSTRACT

Our title can be read as trivially true, namely, that perceived affordances shape real-time interaction dynamics. A less trivial reading suggests that affordances themselves interact in a shared dyadic field, such that the number and quality of As and Bs affordances are dynamically coupled with bidirectional causality. In dance, martial arts, or team sports agents strategically comodulate each other's affordances while pursuing their aims. In Aikido, where agents try to break their opponents' balance, this trade-off globally approximates a zero-sum game—the better A's affordances are, the lousier B's affordances get. The agents are subject to ceaseless cross-causation in this shared field. They seek to obstruct their opponents' options while strategically enabling, augmenting, and sculpting their own by employing subtle perceptual manipulation skills, redirecting force, brinkmanship, and switching techniques opportunistically. To overcome static views, we conceptualize affordances as cascading and having fluid onsets; we also identify nested affordances in goal hierarchies and describe a spectrum of affordance functions. Ultimately, we suggest rethinking the ontology of affordances as being sensitive to dynamic engagements, hence defined relative to interpersonal emergence.

摘要

我们的头衔可以看成是微不足道的真实，也就是说，感知到的能力决定了实时互动的动态。不那么琐碎的解读表明，供应能力本身在一个共享的二元字段中相互作用，因此，As和Bs供应能力的数量和质量与双向因果关系动态耦合。在舞蹈，武术或团体运动经纪人中，策略性地进行协调追求目标的同时，彼此的能力。在合气道中，代理商试图打破对手的平衡，这种权衡在全球范围内近似为零和博弈-A的承受能力越好，B的承受能力越强。代理商在此共享领域中会遭受不断的因果关系。他们试图通过运用微妙的知觉操纵技巧，重定向力量，边缘技巧和机会转换技巧来策略性地启用，扩充和雕刻自己的对手，从而阻碍对手的选择。为了克服静态的观点，我们将津贴概念化为级联且起病频繁。我们还会在目标层次结构中识别嵌套的支付能力，并描述一系列支付能力函数。最终，