Brief everyday stressors can provoke cardiovascular, hormonal, and immune changes, and the magnitude and duration of these responses can vary considerably. Acute responses to daily stressors can differ widely among individuals experiencing the same stressor, and these physiological responses may not align with stress appraisals. This review highlights individual and dyadic factors that may heighten and prolong stress reactivity, along with their implications for health. We discuss depression, rumination, early life adversity, and social evaluation as individual-level factors and interpersonal stress processes and relationship quality as dyadic-level factors that may influence physiological stress responses. Heightened and prolonged stress reactivity can provide a gateway to the physiological dysregulation that underlies depression and chronic disease, which themselves alter stress reactivity—a vicious cycle. Interventions that may dampen physiological stress reactivity include yoga, meditation, health behaviors (diet, exercise, and sleep), and cognitive behavior therapy.

中文翻译：

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压力反应性：是什么促使我们变得更高，更快和更长，以及为什么如此重要

简短的日常应激源可引起心血管，激素和免疫系统的变化，并且这些反应的强度和持续时间可能相差很大。在经历相同压力源的个体中，对日常压力源的急性反应可能存在很大差异，并且这些生理反应可能与压力评估不符。这篇综述重点介绍了可能增强和延长应激反应性的个体和二元因素，以及它们对健康的影响。我们将抑郁，反省，早期生活逆境和社会评价作为个人水平的因素，将人际压力过程和关系质量作为影响社会压力反应的二元水平因素进行讨论。升高和延长的应激反应性可以为导致抑郁症和慢性病的生理失调提供一个途径，而这些疾病本身会改变应激反应性（一个恶性循环）。可能会削弱生理压力反应性的干预措施包括瑜伽，冥想，健康行为（饮食，运动和睡眠）以及认知行为疗法。