When calibrating new items online, it is practicable to first compare all new items according to some criterion and then assign the most suitable one to the current examinee who reaches a seeding location. The modified D-optimal design proposed by van der Linden and Ren (denoted as D-VR design) works within this practicable framework with the aim of directly optimizing the estimation of item parameters. However, the optimal design point for a given new item should be obtained by comparing all examinees in a static examinee pool. Thus, D-VR design still has room for improvement in calibration efficiency from the view of traditional optimal design. To this end, this article incorporates the idea of traditional optimal design into D-VR design and proposes a new online calibration design criterion, namely, excellence degree (ED) criterion. Four different schemes are developed to measure the information provided by the current examinee when implementing this new criterion, and four new ED designs equipped with them are put forward accordingly. Simulation studies were conducted under a variety of conditions to compare the D-VR design and the four proposed ED designs in terms of calibration efficiency. Results showed that the four ED designs outperformed D-VR design in almost all simulation conditions.

中文翻译：

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在线校准项目的新型高效实用的自适应设计

在线校准新项目时，切实可行的是，首先根据某个标准比较所有新项目，然后将最合适的一项分配给到达播种位置的当前考生。van der Linden和Ren提出的改进的D最优设计（称为D-VR设计）在此可行的框架内工作，目的是直接优化项目参数的估计。但是，应该通过比较静态应试者池中的所有应试者来获得给定新项目的最佳设计点。因此，从传统的最佳设计来看，D-VR设计在校准效率上仍有改进的空间。为此，本文将传统的最佳设计思想纳入了D-VR设计中，并提出了一种新的在线校准设计标准，即卓越度（ED）标准。在实施该新标准时，开发了四种不同的方案来测量当前应试者提供的信息，并据此提出了四种配备它们的新ED设计。在各种条件下进行了仿真研究，以比较D-VR设计和四种建议的ED设计的校准效率。结果表明，在几乎所有仿真条件下，四种ED设计均优于D-VR设计。